Factors Influencing Knowledge-Sharing Behaviors in Faculty Learning Communities

大學教師學習社群知識分享影響因素之研究

10.6137/RECT.201906_120.0001

何俐安(Ho, Li-An)；宋鴻燕(Sung, Hung-Yen)

Community of practice ； Flow experience ； Knowledge-sharing ； Motivation ； Trust ； 實務社群 ； 心流體驗 ； 知識分享 ； 動機 ； 信任

教育傳播與科技研究

120期（2019 / 06 / 30）

1 - 16

英文

Faculty professional autonomy has been highlighted in higher education settings. One way for university faculty to develop their professional knowledge as well as enhance their instructional quality is through communicating and sharing knowledge with colleagues. This study examines the relationship between university faculty's motivation, trust, and flow experience as they join faculty learning communities (FLCs) and their knowledge-sharing behaviors. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from a faculty in an urban university (N = 192). The results indicated that university faculty's motivation, trust, and flow experienced in FLCs individually had a significant effect on their knowledge-sharing behavior in FLCs. However, collectively, only motivation and flow experience demonstrated significant influences on faculty knowledge-sharing behaviors, whereas trust had no significant effect on the promotion of university faculty knowledge-sharing behaviors in FLCs.

大學校園的文化中強調教師自主性，許多專業知識需要藉由彼此交流分享，與同儕互相切磋交流以持續發展教師專業及提升教學品質。本研究旨在探討大學教師參與學習社群的動機以及社群成員之間的信任，特別是在社群活動中所經歷的心流，檢視其對促進社群的知識分享的影響。本研究採問卷調查法，以一所都會型大學中，參與學習社群的專任教師為母群體實施普查（N=192）。研究結果發現：教師參與社群動機、信任、心流體驗分別對教師知識分享有顯著預測力；然而當所有因素一起投入作為預測變項時，只有參與動機和心流體驗能顯著地影響知識分享，而信任對提升大學教師學習社群中的分享行為並無顯著影響。

1. Baldridge, J. V.,Curtis, D. V.,Ecker, G.,Riley, G. L.(1977).Diversity in higher education: Professional autonomy.The Journal of Higher Education,48(4),367-388.
2. Bartol, K. M.,Srivastava, A.(2002).Encouraging knowledge sharing: The role of organizational reward systems.Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies,9(1),64-76.
3. Burstein, F.(Ed.),Holsapple, C. W.(Eds.)(2008).Handbook on decision support systems 1.Heidelberg, Berlin:Springer.
4. Chang, C.-C.,Chou, P.-N.,Liang, C.(2018).Using ePortfolio-based learning approach to facilitate knowledge sharing and creation of college students.Australasian Journal of Educational Technology,34(1),30-41.
5. Chen, H.,Wigand, R. T.,Nilan, M.(2000).Exploring web users’ optimal flow experiences.Information Technology & People,13(4),263-281.
6. Cheung, C. M. K.,Lee, M. K. O.,Lee, Z. W. Y.(2013).Understanding the continuance intention of knowledge sharing in online communities of practice through the post‐knowledge‐sharing evaluation processes.Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,64(7),1357-1374.
7. Coleman, P. G.(2000).Aging and the satisfaction of psychological needs.Psychological Inquiry,11(4),291-293.
8. Cools, E.,Van den Broeck, H.,Bouckenooghe, D.(2009).Cognitive styles and person-environment fit: Investigating the consequences of cognitive (mis)fit.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,18(2),167-198.
9. Cox, M. D.(2004).Introduction to faculty learning communities.New Directions for Teaching and Learning,97,5-23.
10. Cross, R.(Ed.),Parker, A.(Ed.),Sasson, L.(Ed.)(2003).Networks in the knowledge economy.New York:Oxford University Press.
11. Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1990).Flow: the psychology of optimal experience.New York:Harper & Row.
12. Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1975).Beyond boredom and anxiety.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
13. Faraj, S., & Wasko, M. (2019). The web of knowledge: An investigation of knowledge exchange in networks of practice. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228601180_The_web_of_knowledge_an_investigation_of_knowledge_exchange_in_networks_of_practice
14. Glowacki-Dudka, M.,Brown, M. P.(2007).Professional development through faculty learning communities.New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development,21(1-2),29-39.
15. Heckman, F.(1997).Designing organizations for flow experiences.Journal for Quality and Participation,20(2),24-33.
16. Hiebert, J.,Gallimore, R.,Stigler, J. W.(2002).A knowledge base for the teaching profession: What would it look like and how can we get one?.Educational Researcher,31(5),3-15.
17. Ho, L.-A.,Kuo, T.-H.(2010).How can one amplify the effect of e-learning? An examination of high-tech employees’ computer attitude and flow experience.Computers in Human Behavior,26(1),23-31.
18. Holste, J. S.,Fields, D.(2010).Trust and tacit knowledge sharing and use.Journal of Knowledge Management,14(1),128-140.
19. Hsu, C. L.,Lu, H. P.(2004).Why do people play on-line games? An extended TAM with social influences and flow experience.Information and Management,41(7),853-868.
20. Hsu, M.-H.,Ju, T. L.,Yen, C.-H.,Chang, C.-M.(2007).Knowledge sharing behavior in virtual communities: The relationship between trust, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,65(2),153-169.
21. Hung, C.-Y.,Sun, J. C.-Y.,Yu, P.-T.(2015).The benefits of a challenge: Student motivation and flow experience in tablet-PC-game-based learning.Interactive Learning Environments,23(2),172-190.
22. Ismail, I. R.,Tajuddin, N.,Yunus, N. K. M.(2019).Trust and intention to share as predictors of online knowledge-sharing behavior.Proceedings of the regional conference on science, technology and social sciences (RCSTSS 2016),Singapore:
23. Krot, K.,Lewicka, D.(2012).The importance of trust in manager-employee relationship.International Journal of Electronic Business Management,10(3),224-233.
24. Lave, J.,Wenger, E.(1991).Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
25. Lee, J. C.-K.,Zhang, Z.,Yin, H.(2011).A multilevel analysis of the impact of a professional learning community, faculty trust in colleagues and collective efficacy on teacher commitment to students.Teaching and Teacher Education,27(5),820-830.
26. Liang, C.,Chang, C.-C.,Rothwell, W.,Shu, K.-M.(2016).Influences of organizational culture on knowledge sharing in an online virtual community: Interactive effects of trust, communication and leadership.Journal of Organizational and End User Computing,28(4),15-32.
27. Lin, W.-K.,Ma, H.-C.,Lin, C.-P.,Chiu, C.-K.(2009).Modeling knowledge sharing and interemployee helping from a perspective of flow theory: A survey of online knowledge works.AMCIS 2009 Proceedings
28. Lundstrom, W. J.,Ashworth, D. N.(1982).An examination of the effects and counter-effects of an organizational change effort.Human Resource Management,21(1),30-34.
29. Ma, W. W. K.,Yuen, A. H. K.(2011).Understanding online knowledge sharing: An interpersonal relationship perspective.Computers & Education,56(1),210-219.
30. Mayer, R. C.,Davis, J. H.,Schoorman, F. D.(1995).An integrative model of organizational trust.Academy of Management Review,20(3),709-734.
31. Moneta, G. B.,Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1996).The effect of perceived challenges and skills on the quality of subjective experience.Journal of Personality,64(2),275-310.
32. Naeem, A.,Mirza, N. H.,Ayyub, R. M.,Lodhi, R. N.(2019).HRM practices and faculty’s knowledge sharing behavior: Mediation of affective commitment and affect-based trust.Studies in Higher Education,44(3),499-512.
33. Pace, S.(2004).A grounded theory of the flow experiences of web users.International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,60(3),327-363.
34. Panteli, N.,Sockalingam, S.(2005).Trust and conflict within virtual inter-organizational alliances: A framework for facilitating knowledge sharing.Decision Support Systems,39(4),599-617.
35. Paul, D. L.,McDaniel, R. R., Jr.(2004).A field study of the effect of interpersonal trust on virtual collaborative relationship performance.MIS Quarterly,28(2),183-227.
36. Rahman, M. S.,Mannan, M.,Hossain, M. A.,Zaman, M. H.,Hassan, H.(2018).Tacit knowledge-sharing behavior among the academic staff: Trust, self-efficacy, motivation and Big Five personality traits embedded model.International Journal of Educational Management,32(5),761-782.
37. Robinson, J. P.,Shaver, P. R.(1973).Measures of social psychological attitudes.Ann Arbor, MI:Institute for Social Research.
38. Rode, H.(2016).To share or not to share: The effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations on knowledge-sharing in enterprise social media platforms.Journal of Information Technology,31(2),152-165.
39. Rutten, W.,Blaas-Franken, J.,Martin, H.(2016).The impact of (low) trust on knowledge sharing.Journal of Knowledge Management,20(2),199-214.
40. Sawyer, K.(Ed.)(2006).Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences.New York:Cambridge University Press.
41. Seifert, T.,Hedderson, C.(2010).Intrinsic motivation and flow in skateboarding: An ethnographic study.Journal of Happiness Studies,11(3),277-292.
42. Søndergaard, S.,Kerr, M.,Clegg, C.(2007).Sharing knowledge: Contextualising socio-technical thinking and practice.The Learning Organization,14(5),423-435.
43. Sridhar, G.,Lyngdoh, T.(2017).Flow and information sharing as predictors of ethical selling behavior.Journal of Business Ethics,1-17.
44. Tang, Z.,Hu, Y.,Smith, M. D.(2008).Gaining trust through online privacy protection: Self-regulation, mandatory standards, or caveat emptor.Journal of Management Information Systems,24(4),153-173.
45. Teh, P.-L.,Yong, C.-C.(2011).Knowledge sharing in is personnel: Organizational behavior’s perspective.Journal of Computer Information Systems,51(4),11-21.
46. Thomson, K.(2015).Informal conversations about teaching and their relationship to a formal development program: learning opportunities for novice and mid-career academics.International Journal for Academic Development,20(2),137-149.
47. Trevino, L. K,Webster, J.(1992).Flow in computer-mediated communication: Electronic mail and voice mail evaluation and impacts.Communication Research,19(5),539-573.
48. Wang, W.-T.,Hou, Y.-P.(2015).Motivations of employees’ knowledge sharing behaviors: A self-determination perspective.Information and Organization,25(1),1-26.
49. Winberg, T. M.,Hedman, L.(2008).Student attitudes toward learning, level of pre-knowledge and instruction type in a computer-simulation: Effects on flow experiences and perceived learning outcomes.Instructional Science,36(4),269-287.
50. Wu, H.-Y.,Sukoco, B. M.(2010).Why should I share? Examining consumers’ motives and trust on knowledge sharing.Journal of Computer Information Systems,50(4),11-19.
51. Wu, J.-J.,Chang, Y.-S.(2005).Towards understanding members’ interactivity, trust, and flow in online travel community.Industrial Management & Data Systems,105(7),937-954.

1. 梁朝雲,余家豪(2022)。農業知識非營利網站的使用意願。教育傳播與科技研究，130，67-86。