損壞攜帶式GPS接收機之解讀與應用

Application of Extracting Data from Damaged Portable GPS Receivers

陳沛仲(Pei-Chung Chen)；官文霖(Wen-Lin Guan)

飛航事故調查 ； 損壞GPS ； GPS 資料解讀 ； Aviation Occurrence Investigation ； Damaged GPS Receiver ； Data Recovery

航空安全及管理季刊

3卷1期（2016 / 01 / 01）

71 - 95

繁體中文

任何飛航事故調查工作，重建飛航軌跡係為研判事故發生經過的必要資料。大型民用航空器是根據飛航資料紀錄器之紀錄參數來獲得飛航軌跡。然而，小型民用航空器及公務航空器多數未安裝紀錄器；超輕型載具則均未安裝紀錄器，攜帶式GPS接收機成為此類航空器事故的關鍵證物。攜帶式GPS 接收機不具備墜毀存活（Crash Survivability）規格，事故發生後GPS 接收機或航電晶片模組容易受損。本論文彙整飛安會針對損壞GPS 接收機所建置的解讀能量及其程序，以實際飛航事故調查案例探討作業上之應用及限制。為持續發展受損之機載航電設備解讀能量，飛安會應積極與其它飛航事故調查機構技術交流，建立更暢通的技術咨詢管道，取得更多逆向工程的技術程序與方法。

During an aviation occurrence investigation, flight path reconstruction is the necessary information for understanding the sequence of event. For commercial aircrafts, flight path depends on recorded parameters from the flight data recorder (FDR) installed in the aircraft. However, most of small general aviation or government aircraft didn’t install FDRs, and neither on all kind of ultralights, portable GPS receivers is the key evidence for accident happened in these kind of aircrafts. Since most of these portable devices were not designed for crash-survivability specifications, after the accident happens, the GPS receiver onboard the aircraft usually suffered damage due to the accident and can’t readout the GPS data using normal procedure. The paper summaries the technical capability of Aviation Safety Council (ASC) on the data recovery equipment and procedures for damaged GPS receivers or relevant portable devices, to discuss its application and limitation on the aviation occurrence investigation. In order to continuing develops the data recovery technique for the on-board avionics, ASC should active to exchange the know-how with other safety agencies, to establish contact windows of technical advices, and to obtains comprehensive technical procedures and advanced methods of reverse-engineering.

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