民航機師的年齡和睡眠時數在正向自我揭露經驗和工作投入之影響

The Ages and Sleeping Hours on the Positive Self-disclosure Experiences and Job Engagement for Airline Pilots

程千芳(Chian-Fang G. Cherng)；徐健(Jian Shiu)

正向自我揭露經驗 ； 工作投入 ； 民航機師 ； 飛航安全 ； 老化/成功老化 ； Positive self-disclosure ； job engagement ； airline pilots ； flight safety ； aging/successful aging

航空安全及管理季刊

3卷2期（2016 / 04 / 01）

99 - 114

繁體中文

老化是人類正常發展中必經的歷程，機師在老化的過程和飛行經驗的增長，是否影響他們的飛行表現，已是現今高齡（化）社會必須面對的議題。民航機師的身心健康與壓力因應關鍵影響著飛航的安全，了解及評估民航機師的年齡和睡眠時數相形重要。本研究目的即在於分析不同年齡和睡眠時數的機師們在秘密揭露對象特性、正向自我揭露經驗、工作投入和工作表現之關係。共有國內各家航空公司之機師們848 位參與本研究之問卷調查。研究的結果突顯出：機師的睡眠時數（非年齡因素）與工作投入和工作表現具明顯的關係。然而年齡和睡眠時數在秘密揭露對象特性和正向自我揭露經驗均達統計上的明顯差異水準。本研究結果反應出：民航機師的良好睡眠時數與飛航壓力因應與工作投入之關係。期飛行單位能研擬合宜之飛航人員健康促進策略，確保良好的睡眠品質和時數，關心高齡機師的壓力因應模式，進而提升人員的身心健康和保障飛航安全。

Since human life expectancy is enhanced, airline pilots’ retired age is 65 year-old now. It is needed to explore the effects of airline pilots’ ages on their health, job engagement and performance. A line of evidence had also shown the health benefits of self-disclosure and enough sleeping hours. The main purpose of the study was to examine the factors of age and sleeping hours on the characteristics of secret receivers, the positive experiences of self-disclosure, job engagement and performance for airline pilots in Taiwan. There were 848 airline pilots answered the researcher-designed questionnaire. The current results had shown that the significant differences on the job engagements, characteristics of secret receivers and the positive experiences of self-disclosure in the three groups of airline pilots’ sleeping hours. In additions, there were significantly different on the characteristics of secret receivers and the positive experiences of self-disclosure in the four groups of ages. The older the airline pilots, the less positive self-disclosure. However, there were not significantly different on the job engagement and performance between the oldest group and the younger groups. As such, it is suggested to explore and to provide the aged airline pilots’ stress coping strategies in the near future. Moreover, the results are of value especially for selecting appropriate counseling or health improving approaches to ensure airline pilots’ sleeping hours and upgrade pilots’ flight safety.

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