各國土壤污染物背景濃度建立方法之比較和探討

Comparison and Survey of the Establishment Methods for Soil Background Concentration of Contaminants in Different Countries

10.6499/JSGR.2017.0401.002

賴允傑(Yun-Jie Lai)

背景濃度 ； 基線 ； 閾值 ； 土壤調查 ； background concentration ； baseline ； threshold value ； soil investigation

土壤及地下水污染整治

4卷1期（2017 / 01 / 01）

17 - 33

繁體中文

土壤中所含化學元素之自然背景濃度值為各地區土壤重要的環境特徵，然而國內過往之土壤調查作業較少涉及此項基礎土壤品質特性。本文首先說明背景濃度以及若干相似詞彙之定義及含意，並參考各國土壤品質環境管理法令，探討土壤背景濃度於美國、英國、日本、芬蘭、中國大陸等國於該國土壤品質管理架構下之定位及其功能。其後詳細介紹各國執行廣域性土壤背景濃度調查、針對特定場址辦理之背景參考區土壤背景濃度調查方式，以及所取得之調查數據如何統計計算背景濃度閾值。希冀本文可提供未來土壤背景濃度調查作業及污染區自然背景濃度釐清判識之參考。

The natural background concentration of the chemical elements in the soil is an important environmental characteristic in different areas. However, previous soil surveys in Taiwan rarely included investigations into these soil characteristics. As such, the definition of background concentration and some similar terms are introduced in this article. Moreover, there is discussion about the orientation and the functions of the soil background concentrations within the framework of soil quality management based on the ordinances regarding environmental protection in different countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Finland, China, and more. Furthermore, not only is a detailed introduction of the regional or national soil surveys in various countries presented in this work, but the methods of the soil background concentration surveys used in specific sites for the collection of data will be introduced. Accordingly, how to calculate the threshold values of the background concentrations will also be explained. It is hoped that this paper will provide a reference for the implementation of soil background concentration surveys and the determination of natural background concentrations in contaminated areas.

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