Local Typology and Individuality of Hmong Song Melodies

苗族歌曲旋律的區域性類型和主體性

10.29873/GMJ.200606.0007

吉薩•耶尼亨(Gisa Jähnichen)

歌曲類型 ； Hmong Khao族 ； Hmong Lay族 ； 寮國及越南 ； 東南亞 ； Song types ； Hmong Khao ； Hmong Lay ； Lao and Vietnam ； Southeast Asian

關渡音樂學刊

4期（2006 / 06 / 01）

161 - 212

英文

對於居住在東南亞大陸地區不同苗族(Hmong)的支系來說，歌曲旋律的類型是非常重要的。他們可以相當程度地作爲提供地域性風格認同的見證，而且也是相關族系根深蒂固創造力形成的基本元素。 1999年12月及2001年8月間，我和寮國國家圖書館「寮國傳統音樂檔案處」媒體部的工作人員有機會去觀察寮國幾個省分咸關（譯音）(Xiengkhuan)、華潘（譯音）(Huaphan)、波利汗塞（譯音）(Bolikhamsay)、沙茵雅布利（譯音）(Sainyabuly)、魯安布拉邦（譯音）(Luang Prabang)和維廷安（譯音）(Vientiane)當地苗族的音樂生活。我們在新年期間抵達上述所提及的第一及第二個省份，觀察高苗（譯音）(Hmong Khao)和萊苗（音譯）(Hmong Lay)的慶祝活動，我們錄到他們的歌曲中有很多同質性的脈絡。 我有機會能夠當場採譜並和我的寮國及越南族會說苗語的同事，特別是Duangmixay Likaya先生一起討論採譜的結果。他是我在寮國國家圖書館媒體部門的一個學生。接下來的論文我將呈現某些我們所的調查的結果，特別是透過方法上的內在觀察，對苗族歌曲旋律的區域性型態和主體性所得出的一些主要結果。

Types of song melodies are very important to different Hmong people living on the Southeast Asian mainland. They can convincingly prove local identities and form the basic material of deeply rooted creativity. In the time between December 1999 and April 2001 I had the opportunity together with my Lao staff members at the Media Section ”Archives of Traditional Music in Laos” of the National Library of Laos to observe musical life in the provinces Xiengkhuan, Huaphan, Bolikhamsay, Sainyabuly, Luang Prabang and Vientiane. The two first named provinces we reached in the time of the New Year festivites of the Hmong Khao and Hmong Lay. We recorded many of their songs in a relatively homogeneous context. I could make musical transcription right on the place and I could discuss the results together with my Lao and Vietnamese speaking Hmong colleagues, especially with Duangmixay Likaya, one of my students in the Media Section at the National Library. In the following article I present some of our results and as the major outcome some of my methodological insights into questions on local typology and individuality of Hmong song melodies.

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