廣西上思門人女性歌唱傳統變遷研究

A Study of Transitions Regarding Traditional Mun Female Singing from Shangsi County in Guang-Xi, China

吳寧華(Ning-Hua Wu)；何猛猛(Meng-Meng He)

花頭瑤 ； 複唱法 ； 歌唱傳統 ； Mun People ； Variation ； Singing Traditional

關渡音樂學刊

20期（2014 / 07 / 01）

43 - 65

繁體中文

在廣西上思縣西南部十萬大山深處，生活著一個自稱為「門人」「mun」（他稱「花頭瑤」或「山子瑤」）的族群，其語言屬於漢藏語系，苗瑤語族，瑤語支中的金門土語群。十萬大山山脈綿延起伏，山勢峻險，交通不便。門人依山而居，至今仍保持著較為傳統的生活方式。本文通過田野實地調查與民族志描述，選取門人的度戒儀式為研究個案，探討在整個門人社會中，看似在一個男尊女卑、以男性為主導的世界，外部社會變遷如何改變女性歌唱傳統並進而影響到整個門人社會的歌唱傳統。

Deep in the Shi-Wan Mountains located in Shangsi County which is southwest of the autonomous region of Guangxi in China, there is an ethnic group whose autonym is Mun (exonym is ＂Huatouyao＂ or ＂Shanzigayao＂). The language they speak is ＂Kimmun,＂ which is a dialect of the Yao language-speaking group from Miao-Yao. The Shi-Wan Mountains is a vast and steep range. The mountainous living environment has been of the defining factors for why the Mun have maintained a relatively traditional lifestyle until now. Based on fieldwork investigation this paper offers an ethnographic description of female singing from ordination ceremonies aimed towards the male population. This paper examines how female singers are an intricate part within the constraints of social structure through the act of singing in a seemingly male-dominated society. Moreover there is an explanation about the external social transitions about the progression and development in singing traditions by women and the further effects on all existing Mun singing traditions.

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