英文摘要
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In 2007, the Miaoli Rongxing Hakka Tea-picking Opera Troupe (苗栗榮興客家採茶劇團) produced the DVD Ten Serial Leaves of Traditional Hakka Three-Character Tea-Picking Drama, under the assistance of the senior Hakka Opera director Xian-Zhi Zeng(曾先枝), published by the National Center for Traditional Arts. In 1914, a group of over 10 Hakka traditional art performers made a record for a Japanese record company, taking a ship from Keelung Harbor to Tokyo. These two events represent the 100-year history of the revival project for the traditional Hakka three-character tea-picking theater. By investigating of Xian-Zhi Zeng's cultural experiences and creative processes related to Hakka opera, I re-examine the relationship between Xia-Zhi Zeng's life and the development of Taiwanese Hakka tea-picking opera. Through some of Xia-Zhi Zeng's opera works, this paper explores Xian-Zhi Zeng's artistic creations, his life experiences, and his composition style. This paper indicates that during Xian-Zhi Zeng's early years, he used to “cross borders” and was involved with folk entertainment, such as "performing folk arts and selling medicines" and "storytelling and broadcasting." However, this is not necessarily just an act of "walking away" from traditional opera, but an important experience for him when arranging and directing Hakka tea-picking opera later. This was a key process for him to pursue his "return" to drama. By examining his works, one may find that little traditions overlapped with great traditions, and personal cultural experiences and creative processes reflected in his works. Zeng's example suggests that in a piece of musical theater the so-called collective creation actually includes individuals' responses to their contemporaries.
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