傾聽他們的聲音：台灣東南亞新移民的表演藝術發展與困境

Listening to Their Minds: The Development and Challenges of Performing Arts among New Immigrants from Southeast Asia in Taiwan

蔡宗德(Tsai, Tsung-Te)

台灣 ； 東南亞新移民 ； 表演藝術 ； 社會結構 ； 文化環境 ； Taiwan ； New Immigrants from Southeast Asia ； Performing Arts ； Social Construction ； Cultural Contexts

關渡音樂學刊

37期（2023 / 09 / 01）

77 - 108

繁體中文;英文

1989年政府制定外籍勞工引進政策，現今台灣的外籍勞工人數已經突破73萬人，加上近年大量的外籍通婚人數約達58萬人，使得台灣快速進入一個多元文化的社會體系。可惜的是，雖然台灣已經屬於一個多元文化的社會，但卻缺乏多元文化的思維，政策制定者往往以主流社會的利益為思考點，無法站在新移民的立場考量其社會與文化上的需求。加上勞工政策與社會制度的不完備，致使東南亞新移民在社會文化發展過程中，產生某一定程度的社會歧視現象，而無法獲得平等的對待。儘管，來自東南亞的新移民努力地在職場上工作，同時他們也在台推廣來自家鄉的表演藝術文化。可惜的是，台灣社會對多元文化概念的不足以及東南亞新移民的文化生態與表演藝術型態不甚熟悉，導致台灣社會在政策的制定與文化環境的建構上，形成一定程度的「善良的歧視主義」，公部門與民間體系無法給予充分的社會資源，東南亞新移民很難去爭取該有的權利，致使在台東南亞新移民表演藝術文化發展產生困難。為了要瞭解在台東南亞新移民表演藝術的發展與困境，本文將在大量的田野訪談基礎上，聆聽這些東南亞新移民的內心世界，並從以下五個層面來做深入的分析探究：東南亞新移民社會結構與文化環境、東南亞新移民的表演藝術演出型態、東南亞新移民的表演藝術演出場域、演出團隊所面臨的困難以及台灣東南亞新移民表演藝術發展的可能性。

Since the government of Taiwan formulated a foreign labor introduction policy in 1989, the number of foreign workers in Taiwan has exceeded 730,000, and the number of foreign intermarriages in recent years has reached about 580,000. Although Taiwan already belongs to a multi-cultural society, it lacks multi-cultural thinking. Because of incomplete labor policies and social systems, it results in a certain degree of social injustice and discrimination without equal treatment for new immigrants from Southeast Asia in the process of social and cultural development. In fact, in many immigrant societies, policy makers tend to take the mainstream society or the interests of the majority as their thinking point, and cannot consider their social and cultural needs from the standpoint of new immigrants. Although the new immigrants from Southeast Asia are working hard to promote their performing arts cultures in Taiwan, due to economic considerations and the strengthening of mainstream social thinking in Taiwan society, coupled with the lack of concept of multi-culturalism and the lack of familiarity with artistic forms and the cultural ecology of new immigrants from Southeast Asia, has led Taiwanese society to form a certain degree of "well-intentioned discrimination" in the formulation of policies and the construction of a cultural contexts. The public sector and the private sector cannot provide sufficient social resources. It is difficult for new immigrants from Southeast Asia to fight for their rights, which makes it difficult for new immigrants to develop performing arts and culture. In order to understand the development and plight of performing arts of new immigrants from Southeast Asia in Taiwan, this article bases on a large number of field interviews, and conduct in-depth analysis and research from the following five perspectives: the social structure and cultural contents of new immigrants from Southeast Asia, the performing types of new immigrants from Southeast Asia, the performing fields of new immigrants from Southeast Asia, the difficulties faced by performance teams, and the possibility of the development of performing arts by new immigrants.

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