以方言地圖重建閩南語音韻史

Reconstruction of the History of Phonology of Southern Min Based on Dialectal Maps

洪惟仁(Ang, Unjin)

地理歷史語言學 ； 閩南語 ； 央元音 ； 鼻化元音 ； 語言史 ； geo-historical linguistics ； Southern Min ； central vowels ； nasal vowels ； history of language

聲韻論叢

32輯（2024 / 06 / 01）

1 - 31

繁體中文;英文

從本文根據《閩南地區方言地圖集》（洪惟仁2023a）的地圖，討論運用地理歷史語言學研究閩南語音韻史及閩南、臺灣兩地的音韻發展史的方法。本文將針對三個範疇的方言變體分布狀態進行分析。（1）從方言地圖談閩南語祖語*y元音的重建。（2）從方言地圖談閩南語鼻化元音舌位提升的擴散源。（3）從宜蘭方言的泉腔成份談漳州腔方言史的重建。前兩個例子展現地理方言學的研究在歷史音韻學重建的功用；第三個例子展現對語言史重建的功用。

This article adopts the approach of geo-historical linguistics to discuss methods of reconstructing the phonological history of Southern Min as well as the history of phonological development in Southern Fujian and Taiwan based on maps from Ang's Dialectal Atlas of Southern Min (2023). The study analyzes the data from three aspects: (1) the reconstruction of the Proto-Southern Min *y based on the dialectal maps; (2) the dispersal origin of the collapse of nasal vowels in Southern Min based on the dialectal maps; and (3) the reconstruction of the language history based on the diffusion of Quanzhou-accented features into the Yilan dialect. The first two exhibit the effect of the application of geo-dialectological studies on the reconstruction of historical phonology, and the last one shows the effectiveness of the reconstruction of the history of the Zhangzhou-accent dialect.