以遊會友桌遊處遇團體研究－南區老人之家為例

Meeting Friends on Board Games Groupwork─ A Case Study in Home for Elderly People Southern Region

10.6687/JSDS.2017.19.4

楊秋燕(Chiu-Yan Yang)；陳明琡(Ming-Shu Chen)；沈金蘭(Jin- Lan Shen)；郭俊巖(Chun-Yen Kuo)

桌上遊戲 ； 處遇團體工作 ； 長期照顧 ； Board games ； groupwork treatment ； long-term care

社會發展研究學刊

19期（2017 / 03 / 01）

78 - 111

繁體中文

機構老人的心理健康是不容忽視之問題，最普遍的是機構老人經歷多重失落與社會網絡可能縮小的景況。本文文獻探討中發現，有相當比例的機構老人可能患有失智症合併有憂鬱症之情形。目前作者們研究(Huang etal., 2009)已證實，懷舊團體工作作為對機構中失智症合併有憂鬱症老人的行為治療是不可少的。此外，老年人的桌遊團體工作可能是一個極佳的團體工作方式。本研究特在衛福部南區老人之家辦理「以遊會友桌遊處遇團體方案」。當中透過個案訪談篩選出有憂鬱症傾向及輕度失智症之長者，進行參加桌遊團體，評估老人憂鬱症及失智症情形改善之成效。其研究目的包括：（一）本研究將桌遊團體工作與老人互動結合運用，幫助機構長輩學習運用桌遊改善人際關係及延緩失智、憂鬱的發展。（二）評估探討運用桌遊團體工作前後，其改善參與成員之人際參與及延緩失智、憂鬱的發展的差異性。研究方法：本研究係以機構老人所面對的問題包括人際互動、失智、憂鬱症傾向等社會心理健康認知概念學習為基礎，設計綜合性的桌遊圖卡進行策略遊戲；並配合運用樸克牌、機率遊戲，再以MMSE、憂鬱症傾向及投入程度量表進行前後測評估。研究結果：參與桌遊長輩成員之MMSE level後測較前測有顯著的提昇，達顯著性之水準。顯示本次團體介入對MMSE、憂鬱症傾向有極其正向的效果，亦即本次團體介入對長輩成員社會互動有其效果。此外，研究也就每位成員進行質性觀察，其結果均顯示團體成員對本團體之進行有相當正向的成效。此外，研究也就每位成員進行質性觀察，其結果均顯示團體成員對本團體之進行有相當正向的成效。研究建議：（一）定期舉辦桌遊有其社會人際互動之效果；（二）促進自我生命力，激發互動的能量；（三）發展機構老人身心健康知識認知之桌遊；（四）借由遊戲培養對事物學習的興趣。

Elderly people with mental health problems in the institutions can not be ignored. The most common they experience are the multiple losses of social networking and interpersonal relationships in homes for elderly. In the literature review, some proportion of elderly people living in the institutions may be with depression and dementia. It was confirmed that social groupwork as a behavior therapy for elderly people in the institution was essential. In addition, board game groupwork for elderly may be a good way for it. This research conducted a board game groupwork for elderly people in Home for the Elderly, South Region, the Ministry of Health & Welfare. The purposes of the research stated as follows:1. The research combined board games and elderly interpersonal interactions, in order to help elderly people coping with depression and dementia. 2. The pre-post tests on levels of depression and dementia were conducted to evaluate these board game groupwork. Research method: Through the interview, researchers selected the 11 samples who were willing joined the research who were with mild level of depression and dementia, and organized a six-session board game groupwork program, in which we designed the strategy board games with poke probabilities. After six sessions, the post tests on levels of depression and dementia were conducted to evaluate their effects. Research findings: after six-session, levels of depression and dementia of group members were promoted effectively. In addition, more and more social networks and interpersonal relationships were found gradually since elderly members joined the groups in terms of qualitative observations. It showed that the intervention of the board game groupwork affected elderly people with depression and dementia in the home positively. Suggestions: 1. Hold the board game groupwork regularly may improve the interpersonal interactions of elderly people with depression and dementia effectively; 2. It may also promote their self-vitality and stimulate the interaction of energy; 3. It is essential to develop health education in board games to promote elderly people’s health in the institutions. 4. Through the encouragement of the board games, it cultivates the interesting of elderly people with depression and dementia in learn things.

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