嬰兒潮世代志工與成功老化之研究：以社區發展協會長青志工幹部為例

A Research on Baby Boomer Volunteering and Successful Aging: An Example of Older Adult Volunteer Leaders in Community Organizations

10.6687/JSDS.202009_(26).0003

蔡麗華(Li-hua Tsai)；黃松林(Song-lin Huang)；賴紅汝(Hung-ju Lai)

嬰兒潮世代 ； 成功老化 ； 長青志工 ； Baby Boomer Generations ； Successful Aging ； Aging Volunteers

社會發展研究學刊

26期（2020 / 09 / 01）

74 - 112

繁體中文

人口的高齡化早為世界先進國家所面的課題，台灣65歲以上人口至2017年也超過13%，為世界老化最快速的國家之一。然而，在此同時更值得注意的是，所謂戰後嬰兒潮（1946－1964出生者）正由中高齡邁入老齡化，面對此一老化的巨浪，許多的先進國家都懷著戒慎恐懼的心理做準備。本研究旨在探討社區發展協會嬰兒潮世代長青志工幹部的社區能力及成功老化情形，針對530個社區發放問卷，其受訪者主要填答人為社區理事長、總幹事或志工隊長為主，回收231份有效問卷做相關統計分析。研究嘗試瞭解其基本特質、社區發展協會概況（含六星計畫）、社區能力及長青志工幹部參與社區服務之身心狀況（成功老化情形）的差異性和預測因子。研究結果發現長青志工幹部會因不同年齡而其社區六星計畫推展環保生態服務部分有差異，不同性別長青志工幹部其成功老化之心智健康、社會人際、正向信念及成功老化總量表部分有差異，其性別、社區組織能力、資源網絡與社區參與、方案規劃與執行能力、社區倡導力對於成功老化總分是有助益的，並就研究結果對社區實務工作進行建議。

The issues in relation to waves of aging population have been critical in the advanced countries for decades. The population of aged 65 and over in Taiwan were more than 13% in 2016. Meanwhile, the so-called post-war baby boomers (1946 - 1964) have been aging since 2011. Facing the aging waves, policies of many advanced countries are prepared with the caution and fear. This study aims to explore the relationship between the community acility of baby boomer volunteers and their status of successful aging in the community. Volunteers of community development organizations which were aged 54 years and over in the communities were selected. The purpose of the study is to explore the basic characteristics of baby boomer volunteers, and status quo of community development organizations (including the six-star plan), and the community capacity and volunteers' successful aging. Second, to explore the connections among these five variables. Third, the predictors of the successful aging among community's baby boomer volunteers. The findings of the study indicate that their community ability and status of successful aging vary by gender, ages and education level of baby boomer volunteers. Moreover, the cherecteristics of these volunteers could be the predictors and four dimensions of community capabilities could be the midiators to the status of successful aging. Policy suggestions are given according to the findings.

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