英文摘要
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Since the 1860s, with Taiwan's ports opening up to the world, the establishment of international ports brought a remarkable increase in the number of westerners travelling to Taiwan in all sorts of identities ranging from expatriate officers, seaman, businessmen, missionaries, museologists to explorers. This gave rise to cultural clashes and ethnic conflicts in multiple aspects, in addition to the fight for commercial profits, among those on the frontline of the East-West encounter. As Han (Chinese), foreigners, and Hoans (indigenous peoples) were all considered "the other" in each other's eyes, how did Western interpreters, businessmen, or explorers who played the role of cultural intermediaries, interpret the exotic Taiwan that had only been seen occasionally in investigation reports or journals from their own cultural perspectives? Drawing on the memoir Pioneering in Formosa by a British businessman William Alexander Pickering and his writings centered on his encounters with Han and Hoans in the book, this article discusses Westerners" representation of the image of Taiwan after its opening in the 1860s and the underlying implications. What elements did Pickering pick and what kind of atmosphere did he highlight in his writing? What kind of intention and desire he was trying to express through this representation? First of all, Pickering's identity and experiences were sorted out to clarify his cultural background. Then the "camphor war", a diplomatic incident triggered by trade conflicts, was taken as an example for the discussion of what role Pickering was intending to play and what kind of self-awareness was reflected by his writing about the camphor war. Lastly, the text of Pioneering in Formosa was analyzed to discuss what images of Taiwan were constructed through Pickering's bizarre story type of writing. Starting with the study of Pickering who was among the earliest merchants in Taiwan, the author analyzed Westerners" writings and writers" social network in the 1860s, and the way in which Taiwan emerged in the international arena, in Westerners" description, amid the new imperialist ambience in the 19th century?
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