A Study of Elevating Academic Research Capability: Perceptions of Humanities and Social Sciences Teachersin in Two General Universities

提升學術研究能量之研究：兩所一般大學人文及社會科學教師之觀點

10.7060/KNUJ-ES.201206.0001

蘇紹雯(Shao-Wen Su)

學術研究能量 ； 學術研究困難 ； 一般大學 ； 人文及社會科學 ； academic research capability ； academic research difficulties ； general universities ； humanities and social sciences

高雄師大學報：人文與藝術類

32期（2012 / 06 / 01）

1 - 34

英文

本研究採取問卷調查與統計計量方式為主，文獻探討為輔，以兩所一般大學院校，九個人文及社會科學系所中共47位教師為對象，探討其學術研究困難與如何提升學術研究能量兩項議題，並進一步分析教師之基本資料變數，對此兩項議題看法的差異性。主要的研究結果為：（1）外在因素比內在因素對人文及社會科學教師的學術產出造成較大的阻礙，即圖書資源與人力資源不足為最大阻礙因素，其次為研究經費與補助之需求；（2）教學負擔比行政工作對研究能量之提升構成更大的威脅；（3）博士級教師在乎其研究之成就，故於其學術研究領域上繼續鑽研者較多；（4）碩士級教師對研究助理需求處於不利之勢，而博士級教師則對較高階研究人力需求有所關切，即獲得知名學者的研究協助；（5）提升研究能量的內化機制比外在協助，受到教師較高度的贊同，即自我評鑑，詳細計畫一套研究計畫與策略贏得最多稱讚；（6）圖書資源與相關文獻取得的便利性，在強化研究能量上扮演舉足輕重的角色。本研究探討一般大學人文及社會科學教師在學術研究上的困境（內在與外在因素），並將此研究結果與技職大學人文及社會科學教師在學術研究上困難點作比較，對人文及社會科學教師學術研究困境更深入的瞭解，文後提出提升學術研究能量方法之建議，作為屬性相同大學教師提昇研究能量的參考。

This paper aims at identifying research difficulties of HSS teachers in general universities and exploring ways to elevate their research capacity. Complemented by a literature review, a questionnaire survey with statistical analyses is adopted. The subjects are 47 teachers from nine HSS faculties in two general universities. A cross-sectional investigation into whether and how demographical variables influence subjects' perceptions of these enquired issues is also undertaken. The main findings are: (1) Extrinsic factors cause more impediments than intrinsic ones to academic productivity of the HSS teachers. Dissatisfactory library resources and insufficient manpower manifest themselves the heaviest hindrances, followed by the need of research funds and grants. (2) Teaching load poses a bigger threat to elevation of research capability than administrational commitments. (3) Doctoral degree holders would get too serious about achievements of their research undertakings to yield themselves to failure. (4) While master's degree holders are disadvantaged by want of research assistants, their doctoral counterparts are concerned about a higher level of want of research human resources, i.e. prestigious academics' assistance. (5) Intrinsic mechanisms gain more favorable counts than extrinsic approaches to elevating their research capacity. Self-evaluation and mapping out a scheme/tactic of doing research win the most praise. (6) To improve levels of availability of and accessibility to related literature and research resources plays a crucial role in elevating their research capability. This study provides a deep understanding of research hampering, intrinsic and extrinsic, which the HSS faculty in general universities in Taiwan confronts, as opposed to that in their technological counterparts, and implications as to how to help elevate their research capability.

1. 蘇紹雯(2009)。提升私立大學校院人文及社會科學研究能量之探討：一所技職大學人文及社會科學教師之觀點。中正教育研究，8(2)，115-174。
   連結：
2. 教育部統計處(2009)。大專校院校數統計。重要教育統計資訊。2009年12月28日，取自http://www.edu.tw/files/site_content/B0013/overview03.xls
3. 國立台灣師範大學(2006)。新進教師注新血 教學研究能量提升。校長新訊。2008年3月16日，取自http://www.ntnu.edu.tw/president/news4_951025.html
4. Colbeck, C. L. (2009).The relationship between teaching and research. Education Encyclopedia. Answers Corporation. Retrieved April 18, 2011, from http://www.answers.com/topic/the-relationship-between-teaching-and-research
5. 韓青秀(2007)。少子化5年後小一新生不到20萬。聯合新聞網。2009年6月11日，取自http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!6vO9bUuaHxtJSH3QxTgr/article?mid=176
6. 周昌宏(2005)。技職教育的定位與特色。94年高職與技專校院校長聯席會議資料。
7. 康淵(2004)。如何提昇中原大學教師研究能量。2011年4月19日，取自 http://140.135.96.1/~merc/%E6%BC%94%E8%AC%9B-%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E6%8F%90%E5%8D%87%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%95%99%E5%B8%AB%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F.htm
8. Barton, B. H.(2006).,The Berkeley Electronic Press.
9. Braxton, J. M.(1996).Contrasting perspectives on the relationship between teaching and research.Faculty teaching and research: Is there a conflict?,San Francisco:
10. Din, M.,Din, S.,Shah, M.,Khan, S.(2006).Evaluation of academic performance of university teachers as perceived by their students (A case study of Gomal University teachers).Gomal University Journal of Research,22,117-121.
11. Eble, K. E.,McKeachie, W. J.(1985).Improving undergraduate education through faculty development.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
12. Feldman, K.(1987).Research productivity and scholarly accomplishment of college teachers as related to their instructional effectiveness: A review and exploration.Research in Higher Education,26(3),227-298.
13. Gruneberg, M. M.,Startup, R.(1978).The job satisfaction of university teachers.Vocational Aspect of Education,30(76),75-79.
14. Hattie, J.,March, H. W.(1996).The relationship between research and teaching: A meta-analysis.Review of Educational Research,66(4),507-542.
15. Jauch, L. R.,Glueck, W. F.(1975).Evaluation of university professors' research performance.Management Science,22(1),66-75.
16. Kasten, K. L.(1984).Tenure and merit pay as rewards for research, teaching, and service at a research university.Journal of Higher Education,55(4),500-514.
17. Kennedy, P. E.(2006).The influence of teaching on research in economics.Southern Economic Journal
18. Kiziltepe, Z.(2008).Motivation and demotivation of university teachers.Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice,14(5-6),515-530.
19. Light, D. W.(1974).Introduction: The structure of the academic professions.Sociology of Education,47(1),2-28.
20. Marsh, H. W.(1987).Students' evaluations of university teaching: Research findings, methodological issues, and directions for further research.International Journal of Educational Research,11(3),253-388.
21. Marsh, H. W.,Hattie, J.(2002).The relation between research productivity and teaching effectiveness: Complementary, antagonistic, or independent constructs?.The Journal of Higher Education,73(5),603-641.
22. Neumann, B.(1992).Perceptions of the teaching-research nexus: A framework for analysis.Higher Education,23,159-171.
23. Olsen, D.,Simmons, A. J. M.(1996).The research versus teaching debate: Untangling the relationships.New Directions for institutional Research,90,31-39.
24. Oshagbemi, T.(1997).Job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in higher education.Management and Training,39(9),354-359.
25. Ramsden, P.,Moses, I.(1992).Associations between research and teaching in Australian higher education.Higher Education,23(3),273-295.
26. Ssesanga, K.,Garrett, R. M.(2005).Job satisfaction of university academics: Perspectives from Uganda.Higher Education,50(1),33-56.
27. Subkoviak, M. J.,Levin, J. R.(1974).Determining the characteristics of the ideal professor: An alternative approach.Journal of Educational Measurement,11(4),269-276.
28. Suslu, S.(2009).Motivation of ESL teachers.The Internet TESL Journal,12(1)
29. Tang, T. L.-P.,Chamberlain, M.(1997).Attitudes toward research and teaching: Differences between administrators and faculty members.The Journal of Higher Education,68(2),212-227.
30. Toch, T.(1990).A return to teaching? America's Best Colleges.Washington, DC:U.S. News & World Report.
31. Verheggen, T.,Baerveldt, C.(2001).From shared representations to consensually coordinated actions: Toward an intrinsically social psychology.Theoretical issues in psychology: Proceedings of the International Society for Theoretical Psychology 1999 Conference,Boston:
32. Webster, D. S.(1986).Academic quality rankings of American colleges and universities.Springfield, IL:Charles C Thomas.
33. 王平(2003)。論大學的人文意蘊。上海交通大學學報：哲學社會科學版，11(6)，53-56。
34. 王如哲(2008)。國際大學研究績效評鑑。臺北:高等教育出版社。
35. 林巧敏(2004)。臺灣近五年（1998-2002）學術研究能量之表現─以工程、地球科學、免疫學及法律學為例。書藝，40，99-120。
36. 侯永琪(2007)。誰才是研究型大學？美國佛羅里達中心「全美頂尖研究大學」排名。評鑑雙月刊，5，46-51。
37. 英語教育電子月刊編輯室(2008)。EJEE敬祝所有讀者新年快樂！。英語教育電子月刊，40
38. 張國保(2007)。大學教師在系所評鑑中的角色與任務。評鑑雙月刊，17，19-22。
39. 陳恆光(2007)。人文篇：人文領域學術評鑑首次規劃會議 凝聚初步共識。評鑑雙月刊，7，25-27。
40. 曾美惠(2007)。技職校院評鑑產學合作應重於研究論文表現。評鑑雙月刊，5，52-54。
41. 羅達賢、洪國琮、何錦堂(1999)。如何善用高等教育機構研發能量之研究。1999年中華民國科技管理研討會，高雄: