思覺失調症病患主要照顧者之照顧負荷與社會支持

The Study of Primary Caregivers' Burden and Social Support of Patients with Schizophrenia

陳佳琪(Chia-Chi Chen)；吳秀照(Shiou-Chao Wu)

思覺失調症 ； 主要照顧者 ； 照顧負荷 ； 社會支持 ； schizophrenia ； primary caregiver ； care burden ； social support

當代社會工作學刊

12期（2023 / 03 / 01）

93 - 121

繁體中文;英文

提昇慢性精神病患之主要照顧者的身心健康，降低照顧者的負荷為精神醫療社會工作的重要課題。本研究目的在瞭解思覺失調症病患主要照顧者照顧負荷及探討社會支持程度不同對主要照顧者照顧負荷的差異。樣本來源自台灣中部地區某醫學中心門診與日間病房的思覺失調症主要照顧者為受訪對象。採用主要照顧者負荷量表之結構式問卷，透過面訪進行資料蒐集，所得有效樣本共160份。照顧者照顧負荷與社會支持之分析結果顯示：工具性支持足夠的照顧者，照顧者烙印次負荷顯著高於支持不足及支持普通的照顧者。情緒性支持不足的照顧者，整體照顧負荷高於情緒支持足夠的照顧者。資訊性支持不足的照顧者，整體照顧負荷高於資訊支持足夠的照顧者，其照顧者緊張感次負荷高於支持普通的照顧者。根據研究結果，建議落實社區照顧服務，建立完善的社會支持，以降低思覺失調症病患家庭照顧負荷。

Objectives: Promoting physical and mental health of the primary caregivers of patients with chronic mental illness and reducing the burden of caregivers are important issues of psychiatric social work. The objectives of the present study are to understand the care burden of primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and to investigate the care burden on primary caregivers with different levels of social support. Methods: The primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in out-patient service and day care ward of a medical center in middle region of Taiwan were enrolled for visits. The Caregivers Burden Scale was applied for structural investigation, totally 160 valid cases were collected. Results: Caregivers with adequate support in instrument for economic have higher stigmata dimension of burden than those with inadequate or fair economic support. Caregivers with inadequate emotional support have higher total burden than those with adequate emotional support. Caregivers with inadequate support in information for solving care problems have higher total burden than those with adequate support in such information and they also have higher caregiver anxiety than those with fair support. According to the present study results, we suggest fulfilling community care service and constructing social support to reduce care burden of families of patients with schizophrenia.