老人長期照顧志願服務：對台灣志願服務之回應

The Voluntary Service of the Elderly Long-term Care: Response to the Voluntary Service in Taiwan

10.29745/JSCSM.201104.0004

蘇惠珍(Hui-Chen Su)

長期照顧 ； 志願服務 ； 老人 ； long-term care (LTC) ； voluntary service ； the elderly

台灣高齡服務管理學刊

1卷1期（2011 / 04 / 01）

107 - 137

繁體中文

隨著人類壽命延長，加上少子女化，二十一世紀成為人口結構持續老化的新世紀。老化導致身心功能障礙，長期照顧需求日益增加，龐大的需求面從「全人照顧」到「全程守護」的每一個環節。供應面則涵蓋正式照顧、非正式照顧與家庭的照顧服務。服務行動更是從個人服務、全隊服務到全社區參與。志願服務在【左右逢源】的情況下，成為老人協同長期照顧的生力軍。然而，老人照顧不等同於老人長期照顧，老人照顧需求亦不同於老人長期照顧需求；所規劃的志願服務自然當有所區別。本文先從文獻探究老人長期照顧之需求，繼而剖析志願服務對老人長期照顧需求回應程度；最後，提出老人長期照顧志願服務的一個遠景－協助老人獲得最佳生活品質，兩個路徑－「支持外加補充的服務」與「慈善連結正義的任務」；三個聚焦—以團隊服務實踐個人理想、以地方組織加上中央挹注、以服務倫理推動志工事業；四個行動—「多元服務」、「資源連結」、「合作學習」、「相互尊重」，作為台灣發展老人長期照顧志願服務之參考。

As human lifespan lengthens and the number of children decreases，the twenty-first century turns out to be a new age where the population structure continues to age. Aging leads to both physical and mental malfunctions, which increase the demand for long-term care. The massive demand ranges from ”holistic care” to ”comprehensive care.” The response to supplying the demand includes formal care, informal care and familial care service. The service action even composes personal, team, and community participations. The voluntary service, under the condition of combining both resources, becomes the main force for the elderly long-term care. Nevertheless, the elderly care is not equivalent to the elderly long-term care, while the demand for the elderly care is not the same as the demand for the elderly long-term care. Thus, the planned voluntary service design shall be distinguishable. This article started with literature review exploring the goals and needs for the elderly long-term care, then analyzes the degree wherein the voluntary service responded to the needs for the elderly long-term care. Finally, there is a vision assisting the elderly in obtaining the quality of life, two paths are ”supporting with Supplementary service ”and” Charity with Justice ” task; and, three focus were proposed as references for the development of the voluntary service in the elderly long-term care—togetherness of both personal volunteering and team service, government sponsorship and local cooperative planning, the balance of promoting ethics and Institutional efficiency, four actions—”diversified service,” ”resource connection,” ”cooperative learning,” and ”mutual respect.”