臺北市中學運動選手在問題解決能力之比較

Comparison on the Problem-Solving Ability in Sports Climates among Secondary Schools in Taipei

10.6695/AUES.201005_99.0033

曾季秀(Chi-Hsiu Tseng)；鄭家惠(Chia-Hui Cheng)；周建智(Chien-Chih Chou)；蔡國權(Kou-Quan Tsai)

多元認知技巧 ； 心智活動 ； 國、高中體育班學校 ； multi-cognitive skills ； intellectual activities ； athletes programs of secondary school

大專體育學術專刊

99年度（2010 / 05 / 01）

256 - 262

繁體中文

從二十世紀以來，問題解決已轉變為包含多元認知技巧及行動的一種心智活動。本研究目的在瞭解臺北市中學運動選手在問題解決能力之研究，並且瞭解不同性別、運動類型選手之差異情形。本研究以分層抽樣選取臺北市東、西、南、北等四區16所學校臺北市國、高中體育班學校，共計282名選手，包含球類、水上類、技擊類及陸上類四種運動類型運動項目選手為研究對象，並施以運動情境問題解決能力測驗。本研究以獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析等統計方法分析差異情形。研究結果顯示臺北市國、高中運動選手在猜測原因及預防問題有達到顯著差異水準，而國、高中運動選手在解釋推論、逆向猜測原因、決定解決方法、評鑑未達顯著差異水準。此外，不同性別運動選手在猜測原因及評鑑有達到顯著差異水準，但不同性別運動選手在解釋推論、逆向猜測原因、決定解決方法、預防問題未達顯著水準；不同運動類型項目運動選手在解釋推論、猜測原因達顯著差異，但在整體逆向猜測原因、決定解決方法、預防問題、評鑑差異上均未達顯著水準。最後，本研究依據研究結論與限制，針對實施運動訓練與未來研究提出數點建議，作為未來進行運動選手之問題解決能力參考。

Since the twentieth century, problem-solving has evolved into intellectual activities that encompass multi-cognitive skills and operations. The purpose of this study is to recognize problem-solving ability of secondary school athletes in Taipei City, as well as the differentiation caused by gender difference and/or sports type. In this study, the stratified random samples were drawn from 16 schools among the 4 school districts (east, west, south, north) in Taipei. The students were all from athletes programs of secondary school. A total of 282 athletes were selected from four different categories including sports secience-balls, sports secience-aquetic, sports secience-matiral arts, and and sports secience-athletics. The study used Problem-solving Ability in Sports Climates tests to these athletes. In this study used independent t-test and one-way ANOVA to analysis the variations. The result of this study: there was significant difference between secondary school athletes on the factors of Reason’s Prediction and Problem Prevention, but there was no significant difference between secondary school athletes on the factors of Interpretation, Reversing Reason's Prediction, Decision Making and Assessment in Taipei City. On the other hand there was significant difference between males and females secondary school athletes on the factors of Reason's Prediction and Assessment, but there was no significant difference between males and females secondary school athletes on the factors of Interpretation, Reversing Reason's Prediction, Decision Making and Problem Prevention in Taipei City. In addition there was a significant difference between different types of the secondary school athletes on the factors of Interpretation and Reason's Prediction, but there was no significant difference between different types of the secondary school athletes on the factors of Reversing Reason's Prediction, Decision Making, Problem Prevention, and Assessment in Taipei City. Finally, this study, based on research conclusion and limitations, proposes recommendations on sports training implementation and future study perspectives as references for identifying problem-solving ability in sport.