题名

開放式廚房設計餐廳感官體驗與滿意度之探索性研究

并列篇名

An Exploratory Study of Sensory Experiences and Satisfaction with Open Kitchen Design in Restaurants

DOI

10.6572/JHT.10(4).3

作者

駱香妃(Hsiang-Fei Luoh);王志宏(Chih-Hung Wang);施又文(Yiu-Wen Shih)

关键词

開放式廚房 ; 感官體驗 ; 滿意度 ; 自由列舉 ; open kitchen ; sensory experience ; satisfaction ; free-listing

期刊名称

餐旅暨觀光

卷期/出版年月

10卷4期(2013 / 12 / 01)

页次

219 - 242

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本研究旨在探索消費者對開放式廚房設計餐廳的五感(視覺、聽覺、味覺、嗅覺和觸覺)感官體驗與滿意度。研究以立意抽樣方法,運用自由列舉法,彙整消費者、廚師及餐旅管理系大學生共178位受測者,對於開放式廚房設計餐廳的感官體驗與滿意度觀點,並使用ANTHROPAC軟體進行資料分析。研究結果顯示,「可以聞到食物的香味」的嗅覺體驗,以及「廚房一目了然」與「可以瞭解製作過程」的視覺體驗,為出現頻率較高,且較早被列舉出來的五感感官體驗;在滿意度部分,大部分受測者表示,開放式廚房設計會增加其對餐廳的滿意度,主要原因為「可以瞭解製作過程」與「廚師會展現精湛的廚藝,覺得非常有趣」等。研究意涵期能提供餐廳業者在廚房設計時決策擬定之參考。

英文摘要

This study aims to explore the consumers' perspectives regarding sensory experiences (sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch) and the satisfaction with open kitchen designs in restaurants. The study used purposive sampling and free-listing method, and recruited consumers, chefs, and hospitality students as volunteer subjects. A total of 178 open-ended questionnaires were retrieved, and ANTHROPAC software was used to analyze data. The results showed that items listed earliest and most frequently regarding sensory experiences of open kitchen design were: "can smell the aromas of the food"; "can see the whole kitchen area"; and "can understand the processes involved in preparing the food"; Furthermore, most of the respondents indicated that an open kitchen restaurant could increase their satisfaction. The major reasons were: "can understand the process involved in preparing the food"; and "it is very interesting to watch the chefs demonstrating their professional skills in front of me." The implications for kitchen design in restaurants are discussed.

主题分类 人文學 > 地理及區域研究
生物農學 > 農產加工
社會科學 > 管理學
参考文献
  1. 葉智魁、許義忠、Chick, Garry(2011)。運用自由列舉法發展台灣本土休閒活動量表。觀光休閒學報,17(1),1-23。
    連結:
  2. Weisstuch, L. (2010). Louisville takes the reins in crafting new cuisine. Retrieved September 5, 2011, from http://www.boston.com/travel/getaways
  3. Parmley, S. (2010). Designing venues with vibes for the casino industry. Retrieved January 15,2013, from http://www.philly.com/philly/business/homepage
  4. Alonso, A. D.,O'Neill, M. A.(2010).Exploring consumers' images of open restaurant kitchen design.Journal of Retail and Leisure Property,9(3),247-259.
  5. Alonso, A. D.,O'Neill, M. A.(2010).To what extent does restaurant kitchen design influence consumers' eating out experience?.Journal of Retail and Leisure Property,9(3),231-246.
  6. Andaleeb, S. S.,Conway, C.(2006).Customer satisfaction in the restaurant industry: An examination of the transaction-specific model.The Journal of Services Marketing,20(1),3-11.
  7. Anderson, E. W.,Sullivan, M. W.(1993).The antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction for firms.Marketing Science,12(2),125-143.
  8. Armstrong, G.,Kotler, P.(2002).Marketing: An introduction.New Jersey:Prentice Hall.
  9. Arnould, E.,Price, L.,Zinkhan, G.(2002).Consumers.New York:McGraw.
  10. Baker, J.,Grewal, D.,Parasuraman, A.(1994).The influence of store environment on quality inferences and store image.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,22(4),328-339.
  11. Baker, J.,Levy, M.,Grewal, D.(1992).An experimental approach to making retail store environmental decisions.Journal of Retailing,68(4),445-460.
  12. Baker, J.,Parasuraman, A.,Grewal, D.,Voss, G. B.(2002).The influence of multiple store environment cues on perceived merchandise value and patronage intentions.Journal of Marketing,66(2),120-141.
  13. Baraban, R. S.,Durocher, J. F.(2009).Successful restaurant design.New Jersey:Wiley and Sons.
  14. Bitner, M. J.(1990).Evaluating service encounters: The effects of physical surroundings and employee responses.Journal of Marketing,54(2),69-82.
  15. Cardozo, R. N.(1965).An experimental study of customer effort, expectation, and satisfaction.Journal of Marketing Research,2(3),244-249.
  16. Cervonka, A.(1996).A sense of place: The role of odor in people's attachment to place.The Aroma Chology Review,5(1),112-115.
  17. Chan, E. S. W.,Lam, L.(2009).Understanding attributes affecting selection of private kitchens.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,21(7),854-875.
  18. Cheng, K.(2005).A research on the determinants of consumers' repurchase toward different classes of restaurants in Taiwan.Business Review,4(2),99-105.
  19. Chow, A. J.,Alonso, A. D.,Douglas, A. C.,O'Neill, M. A.(2010).Exploring open kitchens' impact on restaurateurs' cleanliness perceptions.Journal of Retail and Leisure Property,9(2),93-104.
  20. Czepiel, J. A.,Rosenberg, L. J.(1977).Consumer satisfaction: Concept and measurement.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,5(4),403-411.
  21. DeChernatony, L.,Riley, L.(1999).Experts' views about defining services brands and the principles of services branding.Journal of Business Research,46(2),181-192.
  22. Dobni, D.,Zinkhan, G. M.(1990).In search of brand image: A foundation analysis.Advances in Consumer Research,17(1),110-119.
  23. Donovan, R. J.,Rossiter, J. R.(1982).Store atmosphere: An environmental psychology approach.Journal of Retailing,58(1),34-57.
  24. Fournier, S.(1998).Consumers and their brands: Developing relationship theory in consumer research.Journal of Consumer Research,24(4),343-373.
  25. Garbarino, E.,Johnson, M. S.(1999).The different roles of satisfaction, trust, and commitment in customer relationships.Journal of Marketing,63(2),70-87.
  26. Geller, L.(1997).Customer retention begins with the basics.Direct Marketing,60(5),58-62.
  27. Gibson, J. J.(1966).The senses considered as perceptual systems.Boston:Houghton Mifflin.
  28. Gleitman, H.(1997).Psychology.New York:Norton.
  29. Gobe, M.(2001).Emotional branding: The new paradigm for connecting brands to people.New York:Allworth Press.
  30. Gountas, J.,Gountas, S.(2007).Personality orientations, emotional states, customer satisfaction, and intention to repurchase.Journal of Business Research,60(1),72-75.
  31. Grunert, K. G.,Bech-Larsen, T.,Lahteenmaki, L.,Ueland, O.,Astrom, A.(2004).Attitudes towards the use of GMOs in food production and their impact on buying intention: The role of positive sensory experience.Agribusiness,20(1),95-107.
  32. Gupta, S.,McLaughlin, E.,Gomez, M.(2007).Guest satisfaction and restaurant performance.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly,48(3),284-298.
  33. Guyott, C.(1997).Foodservice design-Planning for the future.Journal of the American Dietetic Association,97(10),148-149.
  34. Ha, J.,Jang, S.(2010).Effects of service quality and food quality: The moderating role of atmospherics in an ethnic restaurant segment.International Journal of Hospitality Management,29(3),520-529.
  35. Harrison, P.,Shaw, R.(2004).Consumer satisfaction and post-purchase intentions: An exploratory study of museum visitors.International Journal of Arts Management,6(2),23-32.
  36. Hemmington, N.(2007).From service to experience: Understanding and defining the hospitality business.The Service Industries Journal,27(6),747-755.
  37. Hempel, D. J.(1974).Family buying decisions: A cross-cultural perspective.Journal of Marketing Research,11(3),295-302.
  38. Holbrook, M. B.,Hirschman, E. C.(1982).The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun.Journal of Consumer Research,9(2),132-140.
  39. Homburg, C.,Koschate, N.,Hoyer, W. D.(2006).The Role of cognition and affect in the formation of customer satisfaction: A dynamic perspective.Journal of Marketing,70(3),21-31.
  40. Howard, J. A.,Sheth, J. N.(1969).The theory of buyer behavior.New York:John Wiley.
  41. Iglesias, M. P.,Guillen, M. J. Y.(2004).Perceived quality and price: Their impact on the satisfaction of restaurant customers.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,16(6),373-379.
  42. James, D. L.,Durand, R. M.,Dreves, R. A.(1976).The use of a multi-attribute model in a store image study.Journal of Retailing,52(2),23-32.
  43. Joy, A.,Sherry, J. F.(2003).Speaking of art as embodied imagination: A multisensory approach to understanding aesthetic experience.Journal of Consumer Research, Gainesville,30(2),259-282.
  44. Kandampully, J.,Suhartanto, D.(2000).Customer loyalty in the hotel industry: The role of customer satisfaction and image.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,12(6),346-351.
  45. Kassarjian, H. H.(1977).Content analysis in consumer research.Journal of Consumer Research,4(1),8-18.
  46. Kelly, J. R.(1987).Freedom to Be-A New Sociology of Leisure.New York:Macmillan.
  47. Korgaonkar, P. K.,Lund, D.,Price, B.(1985).A structural equations approach toward examination of store attitude and store patronage behavior.Journal of Retailing,61(2),39-60.
  48. Kotler, P.(1973).Atmospherics as a marketing tool.Journal of Retailing,49(4),48-64.
  49. Kotler, P.(2003).Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation and control.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall.
  50. Lee, W.,Lambert, C. U.(2000).Impact of waiting time on evaluation of service quality and customer satisfaction in foodservice operations.Foodservice Research International,12(4),241-254.
  51. Lindstrom, M.(2005).Brand sense: How to build powerful brands through touch, taste, smell, sight, and sound.New York:Free Press.
  52. Liu, Y. H.,Jang, S. C.(2009).The effects of dining atmospherics: An extended Mehrabian-Russell model.International Journal of Hospitality Management,28(4),494-503.
  53. Liu, Y.,Jang, S. C.(2009).Perceptions of Chinese restaurants in the U.S.: What affects customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions?.International Journal of Hospitality Management,28(3),338-348.
  54. Mathwick, C.,Malhotra, N. K.,Rigdon, E.(2002).The effect of dynamic retail experiences on experiential perceptions of value: An internet and catalog comparison.Journal of Retailing,78(1),51-60.
  55. Mehrabian, A.,Russell, J. A.(1974).An approach to environmental psychology.MA:The MIT Press.
  56. Namkung, Y.,Jang, S. C.(2007).Does food quality really matter in restaurants? Its impact on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions.Journal of Hospitality Management,31(3),387-409.
  57. Nicholls, J. A. F.,Gilbert, G. R.,Roslow, S.(1999).An exploratory comparison of customer service satisfaction in hospitality-oriented and sports-oriented business.Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing,6(1),3-22.
  58. Oliver, R. L.(1993).Cognitive, affective, and attribute bases of the satisfaction response.Journal of Consumer Research,20(3),418-430.
  59. Peter, J. P.,Olson, J. C.(1999).Consumer behavior and marketing strategy.Boston:McGraw-Hill.
  60. Pine, B. J., II,Gilmore, J. H.(1998).Welcome to the experience economy.Harvard Business Review,76(4),97-105.
  61. Pink, S.(2003).Representing the sensory home.Social Analysis,47(3),46-63.
  62. Pizam, A.,Ellis, T.(1999).Customer satisfaction and its measurement in hospitality enterprises.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,11(7),326-339.
  63. Pocock, D.(1989).Sound and the geographer.The Geographical Association,74(3),193-200.
  64. Prendergast, G.,Man, H. W.(2002).The influence of store image on store loyalty in Hong Kong's quick service restaurant industry.Journal of Foodservice Business Research,5(1),45-59.
  65. Quinlan, M.(2005).Considerations for collecting freelists in the field: Examples from ethobotany.Field Methods,17(3),1-16.
  66. Rapoport, A.(1997).Human aspect of urban form.New York:Pergamon Press.
  67. Reichheld, F. F.,Sasser, W. E.(1990).Zero defections: Quality comes to services.Harvard Business Review,68(5),105-111.
  68. Ribeiro, N. F.(2012).Using concomitant freelisting to analyze perceptions of tourism experiences.Journal of Travel Research,51(5),555-567.
  69. Ryu, K.,Han, H.(2010).Influence of the quality of food, service, and physical environment on customer satisfaction and behavioral intention in quick-casual restaurants: Moderating role of perceived price.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research,34(3),310-329.
  70. Ryu, K.,Jang, S.(2008).Dinescape: A scale for customers' perception of dining environments.Journal of Foodservice Business Research,11(1),2-22.
  71. Satcher, D.(2000).Food safety: A growing global health problem.Journal of the American Medical Association,283(14),1817.
  72. Schmitt, B. H.(1999).Experiential marketing: How to get customers to sense, feel, think, act and relate to your company and brand.New York:Free Press.
  73. Schmitt, B. H.(1999).Experiential marketing.Journal of Marketing Management,15(1-3),53-67.
  74. Schmitt, B.,Simonson, A.(1997).Marketing aesthetics: The strategic management of brands, identity, and image.New York:Free Press.
  75. Schubert, F.,Kandampully, J.,Solnet, D.,Kralj, A.(2010).Exploring consumer perceptions of green restaurants in the US.Tourism and Hospitality Research,10(4),286-300.
  76. Smith, J. J.(1993).Using ANTHOPAC 3.5 and a spreadsheet to compute a free-list salience index.Cultural Anthropology Methods Newsletter,5(3),1-3.
  77. Smith, J. J.,Borgatti, S. P.(1997).Salience counts- And so does accuracy: Correcting and updating a measure for free-list-item salience.Journal of Linguistic Anthropology,7(2),208-209.
  78. Sulek, J. M.,Hensley, R. L.(2004).The relative importance of food, atmosphere, and fairness of wait: The case of a full-service restaurant.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly,45(3),235-247.
  79. Torres-Moraga, E.,Vasquez-Parraga, A. Z.,Zamora-Gonzalez, J.(2008).Customer satisfaction and loyalty: Start with the product, culminate with the brand.Journal of Consumer Marketing,25(5),302-313.
  80. Veloutsou, C.,Gilbert, G. R.,Moutinho, L. A.,Goode, M. M. H.(2005).Measuring transaction-specific satisfaction in services: Are the measures transferable across cultures?.European Journal of Marketing,39(5),606-628.
  81. Wakefield, K. L.,Blodgett, J. G.(1999).Customer response to intangible and tangible service factors.Psychology and Marketing,16(1),51-68.
  82. Ward, J. C.,Bitner, M. J.,Barnes, J.(1992).Measuring the prototypicality and meaning of retail environments.Journal of Retailing,68(2),194-220.
  83. Wolke, R. L.(2002).What Einstein told his cook.New York:Free Press.
  84. Wu, C. H. J.,Liang, R. D.(2009).Effect of experiential value on customer satisfaction with service encounters in luxury-hotel restaurants.Journal of Hospitality Management,28(4),586-593.
  85. Zeithaml, V. A.,Bitner, M. J.(2002).Service marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm.New York:McGraw-Hall.
  86. 朱佩如(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣科技大學建築研究所。
  87. 李清珍(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中原大學室內設計學系。
  88. 海爾(2010)。感動力:沒有感動力,就沒有共鳴力。台北市:就是文化。
  89. 高橋郎(2008)。五感行銷:搏感情,說故事,未來行銷都得這麼做。台北市:漫遊者。
  90. 張春興(2006)。張氏心理學辭典。台北市:東華。
  91. 畢恆達(2001)。空間就是權力。台北市:心靈工坊。
  92. 陳庭暄(2010)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立高雄餐旅學院餐旅管理研究所。
  93. 曾光華、陳貞吟、饒怡雲(2008)。觀光與餐旅行銷:體驗、人文、美感。台北市:前程。
  94. 經濟部商業司(2000)。餐飲業經營管理實務。台北市:經濟部。
  95. 劉智華(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中原大學資訊管理研究所。