以多元測繪技術更新建物圖資作業之探討

Diverse Technologies in Surveying and Mapping to Update Building Map Information

林乘逸(Cheng-Yi Lin)；劉虹妤(Hung-Yu Liou)；王柏文(Po-Wen Wang)；陳銘川(Ming-Chung Chen)；施錦揮(Chin-Hui Shih)

1/1000地形圖 ； 特徵點測量 ； 現地調查 ； 異動點偵測 ； 簡易UAS攝影 ； Change Points Detection ； Feature Points Measuring ； Field Land Survey ； Photographs Georeferencing ； Simplified Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)

國土測繪與空間資訊

12卷2期（2024 / 07 / 01）

87 - 106

繁體中文;英文

建物圖資建置作業在傳統上多採全面性的航空攝影測量方式辦理，但考慮建物圖資的時變性，建物圖資常常需要進行局部範圍的即時更新，以維持建物圖資的可用性，本研究擬提出高機動性與彈性的更新操作處理方案，相對於全面性處理可快速地完成局部建物圖資更新，並檢驗更新操作處理方案的可行性。本研究將探索以原建物圖資為基礎，並整合衛星定位測量、觀測儀器地面測量、無人載具空間幾何對位影像量測等多元測繪技術，完成局部更新建物圖資的可能性。研究中提出PDMS系統性的建物圖資區域性更新操作處理方案，並透過實驗設計驗證PDMS更新操作處理方案是否能完成建物局部更新。PDMS更新操作處理方案，分為四個步驟：1.簡易UAS攝影（Photo）。2.異動點偵測（Detect）。3.特徵點測量（Measure）。4.現地調查（Survey）。本研究以原1/1000地形圖建物圖資為基礎於桃園市及新竹縣竹北市選擇數個都市地區作為研究對象，依PDMS操作處理方案辦理建物圖資更新，再採用資料比對的方法進行數據分析驗證，檢驗完成更新作業後的建物圖資，確認其可信度與精確度，從實驗數據可知：以PDMS更新操作處理方案更新建物圖資具備一定的可靠度及更新有效性。因此在傳統上除透過全面性的航空攝影測量方式建置或更新建物圖資外，可選擇PDMS建物圖資更新之作業機制快速局部更新建物圖資。

To assure timeliness of GIS building data, this research will discuss the feasibility of processing GIS building layer by updating existing building information to pursue an opportunity other than large-scale aerial survey and operations. However, there are two critical issues on updating GIS data. First of all, how we select base data from building geomatic information is crucial. Second, there is still a concern about how we consolidate modern surveying technologies including unmanned vehicles photographic surveying, GPS, land surveying and image processing to come up with a thorough and systematic way to update GIS building layer. Therefore, through our research, we proposed a model for base data selection as well as PDMS (Photo, Detect, Measure, Survey) processing. There are four subjects in our proposal: simplified UAS photographs georeferencing, change points detection, feature points measuring and field land survey. We selected one 1/1,000 area topographic map in Taoyuan and Hsinchu respectively as well as a number of intensively populated areas as our research focus. Through suitable base data and PDMS update processing, we have established GIS building data, analyzed and verified the result of our research. According to our experiment, we proved the feasibility when using PDMS to update GIS building data with ideal accuracy coverage frequency. In addition to large-scale aerial surveys nationwide, we provide a more active and flexible way to establish GIS building data as well as support updating building Map information.