點雲測繪應用於地籍測量之研究

Application Of Point Clouds For Cadastral Survey And Mapping

許翰齊(Han-Chi Hsu)；張家銘(Jia-Ming Chang)

光達 ； 地籍圖 ； 圖解法地籍測量 ； 影像密匹配 ； 點雲 ； Cadastral Map ； Dense Matching ； Graphical Cadastral Survey ； LiDAR ； Point Cloud

國土測繪與空間資訊

12卷2期（2024 / 07 / 01）

107 - 131

繁體中文;英文

測量科技的進步使得外業工作愈來愈簡單，近年地政界先進致力推行光達於地籍測量之應用，提出三維地籍，並加入時間成為四維的資訊，這些創新技術為地籍測量帶來新氣象。本實驗以「圖解數化地籍圖整合建置及都市計畫地形圖套疊工作」現況測量做為主軸，選擇光達技術，結合無人機航照以影像密匹配產生的點雲，將兩測量方法的點雲萃取成現況點後套圖分析，期望能符合圖解區地籍測量之精度要求，並將地籍測量作業簡單化，更能留下完整原始資料提供後續測量員參考。由點雲萃取成果與圖解地籍圖套圖分析，本實驗結果光達技術取得之成果能符合地籍測量之精度需求，且相較傳統經緯儀測量更加便利；運用航拍影像產製之點雲，其精度符合圖解區地籍測量要求，此方法雖能輔助無法測量之屋後點，但若僅以垂直方式攝影，產製之點雲於垂直方向較為稀疏，將有許多現況細節處無法量測出或判斷錯誤，使點雲萃取成果無法達到預期，此處可作為後續研究之方向。

The advancement of surveying technology has made field surveying simpler. In recent years, pioneers have been dedicated to using LiDAR technology in cadastral surveying. They have introduced the concept of three-dimensional cadastre, or four-dimension by incorporating time. They have brought about a new era in cadastral surveying. This study focuses on "Construction and Overlaying of Cadastral Map, Topographic Map, and Urban Planning Map." Point clouds of LiDAR combined with point clouds produced by dense matching from UAV photography. The point clouds from both methods were extracted into topo points for map overlays and analysis. The objective was to meet the requirements of graphical area cadastral surveying, simplify surveying works, and provide original data for surveyors. The results of LiDAR technology align with cadastral surveying accuracy, and it is more convenient than theodolite surveying. The accuracy of the point clouds, which were produced by aerial images, meets the requirements of graphical area cadastral surveying. This method can assist in capturing points behind the house. However, if the point cloud is only produced by vertical aerial photographs, it has a lower point density in the vertical direction. And it causes many feature points can't be measured or incorrectly interpreted. It caused the results to fall short of requirements. It is the direction for further research.