探討鐵路高架施作墜落要因

The Study of Falling Factors on Elevated Railway Construction

林煒宸(Wei-Chen Lin)；蔡宗潔(Tsung-Chieh Tsai)

鐵路高架化 ； 高架施工 ； 墜落預防 ； 層級分析法（AHP） ； Elevated Railway ； Elevated Construction ； Fall Prevention ； Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)

物業管理學會論文集

17屆（2024 / 06 / 01）

165 - 172

繁體中文;英文

隨著時代變遷，都市的發展與漸增的交通量成為眾人必須面對的議題，因此需透過鐵路高架化取代平面鐵路，以便增進鐵道兩邊的發展；但鐵路高架施工過程中時常發生工安意外，其中又以墜落最為常見，如何降低鐵路高架施工之墜落意外就顯得非常重要。本研究透過文獻回顧與專家訪談，彙整出影響鐵路高架施工之墜落構面和因子，有人為因素、設施因素、環境因素、管理因素四項主構面與細分的18項評估因子，並請相關人員填寫問卷，使用層級分析法（AHP）針對構面和因子進行比較，計算構面與各分項的權重大小，並加以排序其重要性。經計算後得出最為重要的構面是設施因素（0.327），再來分別為人為因素（0.287）、管理因素（0.230）、環境因素（0.156）；而評估因子前七名為未具有健全之身心狀況（0.085）、未穿戴個人防護具（0.083）、未設置護欄或高度不足（0.083）、未設置上下設備（0.081）、未確實於現場監督或指揮（0.075）、未規劃作業程序或相關規定（0.074）、未設置安全母索（0.072）。藉由本研究之研究結果，可以針對較重要的因子去加以防範，提出有效的預防對策，以確保施作人員在施工時的安全，並降低鐵路高架施工發生墜落的可能性，以利未來台灣在興建鐵路高架時，能在防墜相關策略上有所參考依據。

As the time change, the increasing volume of traffic become issue that people must face. Therefore, we need to promote elevated railway to replace flat railway. However, accidents related to construction safety often occur during the construction, among which falls are the most common. Thus, reducing falls during the construction of elevated railways has become an important matter. Through expert interviews, consolidated the aspects and factors affecting falls during the construction of elevated railways. There are 18 assessments factors and four main aspects: human factors, facility factors, environmental factors, and management factors. Relevant personnel engaged in the construction of elevated railways are invited to fill in the questionnaire. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process to compare the aspects and factors, calculate the weights and rank of each aspect and sub-item. After calculation, the most important is facility factors (0.327), followed by human factors (0.287), management factors (0.230), and environmental factors (0.156). The top seven assessment factors are: lack of sound physical and mental condition (0.085), failure to wear protective equipment (0.083), absence of guardrails or insufficient height (0.083), absence of climbing equipment (0.081), inadequate supervision at the site (0.075), lack of operational procedures (0.074), and absence of safety cable (0.072). Based on the research findings, it is necessary to focus on preventing and paying attention to the more important factors, proposing effective preventive countermeasures to ensure the safety of workers during construction. This will facilitate Taiwan's future construction of elevated railways by providing reference points for fall prevention strategies.