水稻農藝及穀粒性狀的全互交分析

Diallel Analysis of the Agronomic and Grain Characters in Rice

10.6956/BTDAIS.200903.0051

楊嘉凌(Jia-Ling Yang)

水稻 ； 農藝性狀 ； 全互交分析 ； 遺傳效應 ； rice ； agronomic character ； diallel cross ； gene analysis

臺中區農業改良場研究彙報

102期（2009 / 03 / 01）

51 - 58

繁體中文

本試驗以5個水稻品種進行的全互交F1組合及親本為材料，調查抽穗日數、株高、穗長、一穗穎花數、千粒重、粒寬、粒厚及粒形等8個農藝性狀的資料，以Hayman's方法分析。結果顯示所有調查的性狀同時受到累加性及顯性基因的控制；由抽穗日數、粒寬、粒厚及粒形等性狀的D-H1成分具明顯正值，其基因累加效果大於顯性作用；而株高及一穗穎花數則以顯性作用明顯較大。株高、粒寬及粒形的顯性效果受2群基因控制，且前兩者的顯性基因具有增量效果，控制粒形的顯性基因則為減量效應；另外抽穗日數、穗長、一穗穎花數及粒厚等4個性狀的顯性基因作用則無一定方向。8個性狀的狹義遺傳率介於0.63及0.91，以粒寬及粒形有較高的遺傳率，株高及千粒重則較低。

All 5 × 5 diallel cross combinations, including parents (Hoshiyutaka, Basmati370, TN1, Asd16 and FKR19) and the reciprocals, were grown at the Taichung DARES on March, 2006. The investigated agronomic characters included days to heading, plant height, panicle length, spikelet number, grain width, grain thickness and grain shape. The Hayman's method was employed to analyze the data. The results indicated that both additive and dominance effects were important for all 8 agronomic characters. Furthermore, additive effects were significantly larger than dominance effects for 4 characters, including days to heading, grain width, grain thickness and grain shape. There were two dominance gene groups which controlled the performances of plant height, grain width and grain shape, and the dominance genes were the increasing genes but with the decreasing genes of grain shape. Their narrow-sense heritability was between 0.63 and 0.91.