番石榴產業發展現況

Current Development Situation of Guava Industry

10.29563/ZHWHGX.201109.0001

張明郎(Ming-Lang Chang)

番石榴 ； 產業 ； 內銷市場 ； 外銷市場 ； guava ； guava industry ； domestic market ； export market

臺中區農業改良場特刊

108號（2011 / 09 / 01）

1 - 9

繁體中文

近二、三十年來番石榴產業因品種更新及栽培技術改進，加上可周年生產特性及積極拓展外銷市場下，番石榴已成為臺灣重要果樹之一。99年栽培面積7,163公頃，佔水果總面積3.6%；年產量16.7萬公噸，佔水果總產量6.2%；產值達約32.2億元台幣，佔水果總產值4.6%。目前番石榴種植面積以高雄縣2,596公頃最多，約佔36%，台南縣1,587公頃約佔22%，居第二位，彰化縣1,235公頃約佔17%，居第三位。就鄉鎮別而言，以高雄縣燕巢鄉面積1,258公頃最多，其次依序為玉井鄉428公頃，楠西鄉370公頃，溪州鄉359公頃，社頭鄉357公頃。99年批發市場番石榴交易量，‘珍珠芭’為44,035公噸，約佔97.5%，‘帝王芭’與‘水晶芭’分別約佔1.3%與1.1%，其他品種合計不及0.1%。番石榴果品以內銷為主，外銷為輔，近十年來外銷有明顯成長，99年外銷量為2,491公噸，較98年成長30%，主要外銷市場為加拿大，其次為香港及中國大陸。未來面對全球貿易自由化國外水果的競爭，除加強品種選育及栽培技術改進外，應加強企業化經營管理，周年穩定生產優質安全果品，以提升內、外銷市場競爭力。

In the past twenty or thirty years the guava has become one of the most important fruit in Taiwan due to updated varieties of guava and improved cultivation techniques plus the characteristic of year-round production and the expansion of export markets. In 2010 the production area is 7,163 hectare, accounting for 3.6% of the total fruit production area. The annual yield of guava is 167,000 tonnes, accounting for 6.2% of total annual fruit yield. The production value of guava is approximately 3220 million NT dollars, accounting for 4.6% of total fruit production value.Currently the major production area of guava is 2,596 hectares in Kaohsiung County, up to about 36% of total production area. Tainan County is 1,587 hectares, up to about 22% ranking the second place. The third one is 1,235 hectares in Changhua County, 17% of total production area. In point of town and township, Yenchuau Township in Kaohsiung County is the largest production area with 1,235 hectares followed by the order of 428 hectares in Yujing Township, 370 hectares in Nansi Township, 359 hectares in Sijhou Township, and 357 hectares in Shetou Township.In 2010 the annual trade volume of 'Pearl' Guavas is 44,035 tonnes accounting for 97.5% of total guava trade volume in wholesale markets. The 'King' Guava and 'Crystal' Guava each accounted for about 1.3% and 1.1%. Other varieties totally are less than 0.1%.The guava fruit is primarily domestic-based sale and supplemented by export. There is a significant growth in exports over the past decade. In 2010 export volume of guava is 2,491 tonnes, increasing 30% compared with 2009. The main export market is Canada followed by Hong Kong and China.In the face of global liberally trade and the competition of overseas fruits, we not only strengthen the varieties breeding and selection as well as cultivation techniques, but should strengthen the management and operation of enterprise as well as steadily year-round production of excellent fruits to promote the competitiveness for domestic market and export market.