芋苗種植機械之研發應用

Development and Application of Taro Seedling Transplanter

田雲生(Tien Yun-Sheng)；張金元(Chang Chin-Yuan)；戴振洋(Tai Chen-Yang)；白桂芳(Pai Kuei-Fang)

芋頭 ； 芋苗 ； 種植機 ； 附掛式 ； Taro ； Taro seedling ； Transplanter ； Attached

臺中區農業改良場特刊

139號（2019 / 11 / 01）

73 - 82

繁體中文

研發改良1台附掛式芋苗種植機，以50 hp曳引機承載，由2組種植機構及承苗架所組成；機體尺寸為長186 cm*寬208 cm*高127 cm，包含曳引機之總長度則為5.24 m，轉彎半徑約2.8 m。每組種植機構分別由1人負責供苗，可於田間依序進行破土、開溝、夾放苗、鎮壓覆土與再覆土等動作，再搭配前後方之作畦與再作畦，即為芋苗種植之作業流程；承苗架每次可放置約2,000株芋苗，由供苗的2位操作人員坐在種植機後端，僅需取苗供應夾苗爪夾持，若每株供苗時間以3 sec計，換算每人每天可提高作業效率23.1%，尤其不需再忍受插植芋苗長時間彎腰的勞苦。此外，種植行距可調整範圍介於60 cm至80 cm之間，種植株距藉由更換齒輪或調整夾苗爪數目而有12項組合。另機械與人工種植芋苗對其園藝性狀之比較，在生育初期與中期顯示各性狀皆無差異，俟收穫時再比較產量與品質，進而推廣芋苗種植機供芋農參考應用。

The 50 hp tractor attached the transplanter (186 cm long, 208 cm width and 127 cm high) with two pairs of planting elements and seedling stand was designed as taro seedling transplanter. The length and turning radius of taro transplanter were 5.24 m and 2.8 m. One person operates in a single pair of planting element for supplying the taro seedlings into the transplanter and then starts to break soil, trenching, clamping up seedling down to the trench, and covering soil twice followed by the ridge formation front and rear of the transplanter. There are 2,000 taro seedlings can be putted on the seedling stands and two persons sit behind the trsnaplanter for giving a seedling to the clamp within 3 seconds that not only can enhance the seedling planting efficiency to 23.1% compared with labor planting efficiency per person but avoid the pain caused by bend over while labor planting. Besides that, the planting distance in row can be adjusted to the range of 60-80 cm. The planting space by the transplanter can be adjusted by changing different gears and clamp numbers with 12 combinations. In addition, There were not significant differences on horticultural characteristics of taro between mechanical and artificial seedlings in the early and middle stages , and the yield and quality were compared at the time of harvesting, and then the reference application was promoted.