永續設施生產：水養液有效利用零滲漏策略

Sustainable greenhouse production ~ strategy to efficient water utilization with zero emission

陳葦玲(Wei-Ling Chen)；錢昌聖(Chang-Shen Chien)

設施栽培 ； 零滲漏 ； 水分利用效率 ； 水質處理 ； 鈉累積 ； 蒸發散 ； Greenhouse cultivation ； Evapotranspiration ； Sodium accumulation ； Water treatment ； Water use efficiency ； Zero-emission

臺中區農業改良場特刊

151號（2023 / 10 / 01）

123 - 141

繁體中文;英文

氣候變遷與環境永續議題促使設施生產者改善現有生產體系，封閉式設施無土栽培（closed soilless cultivation）除具高水分利用效率（water use efficiency, WUE）外，亦避免肥料和植物保護產品透過水排放，其水養液零滲漏（zero emission）管理策略包含：（1）多元且質佳的水源，養液原水要求EC<0.25 ms.cm-1、Na+ <0.1 mmol.L-1，多加利用雨水且儲水量達800 L.m-2溫室面積；（2）原水及回收養液水質處理，包含曝氣氧化、過濾、酸鹼度調整、陽離子交換、逆滲透及殺菌等一系列操作；（3）光輻射量及用水模式估算之灌溉水量數據應用；（4）符合作物水分生理之養液管理，特別是循環利用下避免鈉離子累積造成鹽分逆境；及綜合上述（5）建構完善的水養液操作監控系統，目標為創造一個穩定的根區環境，從而實現零排放種植。

Climate change and the environmentally sustainable issue have prompted producers to improve existing cultivation systems. Closed soilless greenhouse cultivation, in addition to having a high water use efficiency (WUE), also avoids the discharge of fertilizers and plant protection products through water. The management strategies for water zero-emission included the following: (1) Diverse and high-quality water sources with EC<0.25 ms.cm-1 and Na+<0.1 mmol.L-1, and making efficient use of rainwater and storing up to 800L. m-2 of greenhouse area; (2) Water treatment procedures for both source water and recycled nutrient solution, incorporating a serious of processes such as aeration oxidation, filtration, pH regulation, cation exchange, reverse osmosis, and sterilization; (3) Irrigated amount based on radiation and water-use models estimated; (4) Fertigation management in accordance with crop water and stress physiology then preventing sodium accumulation under circulating conditions; (5)Implementation of a comprehensive practicing and monitoring system for water-nutrient system. It aimed to create a stable root zone environment, thereby achieving zero-emission cultivation.