社區居民環境衛生認知、行為意向及行為之探討

Investigation Community Residents of the Environmental Health Cognition, Behavior Intentions and Behaviors

10.6299/JHA.2016.3.3.R3.33

顏暐晉(Wei-Chin Yen)；黃香妮(Hsiang-Ni Huang)；羅子寧(Tzu-Ning Lo)；劉昱彤(Yu-Tong Liu)；張恩慈(En-Tzu Chang)；趙櫻花(Ying-Hua Chao)

環境衛生認知 ； 行為意向 ； 行為 ； environmental health cognition ； behavior intentions ； behaviors

健康與建築雜誌

3卷3期（2016 / 10 / 01）

33 - 42

繁體中文

背景：環境衛生影響居民的生活品質，但民眾對推動環境衛生的意願不高。目的：探討社區居民對社區環境衛生認知、行為意向及行為情形。方法：研究對象為台灣桃竹地區居民，調查時間為105年2月3日到105年3月20日，採結構式問卷，以隨機取樣，收集100份有效問卷。研究工具為沈、林(2004) 自擬問卷，以SPSS 21.0軟體進行資料處理及分析。結果：在社區環境衛生認知方面，大多數居民知道垃圾處理是此方面的範圍(75%)，也覺得垃圾處理是當務之急(66%)。在行為意向及行為方面，大部分民眾期望做好社區環境衛生工作可以美化環境(4.44±0.78)，民眾認為預防疾病是環境衛生最重要的目的(4.42±0.67)；也認為環境衛生工作是有益的(4.08±0.86)。但對於自己提供經費並沒有很大的意願(3.82±1.02)；如果有家人支持，並獲得社區環境衛生相關的知識與技能是會影響他們執行的意願與參與程度(4.24±0.82)。另外居住地及社區型態不同，也影響居民從事社區環境衛生工作意願( p =.000)。小學以下的學歷較認為社區環境衛生是重要的( p =.003)。結論／實務應用：期望民眾能了解社區環境衛生的問題及重要性，提升民眾社區居民對社區環境衛生認知、行為意向及行為，進而提升生活品質。

Background: The environmental health will affect the quality of life of residents, but the willingness of the people to promote are not high . Purposes: To investigate the residents for the environmental health cognition, behavior intentions and behaviors. Methods: Subjects were residents of the Taiwan's Taoyuan and Hsinchu region. The investigation period was from February 3, 2016 to March 20, 2016. This study utilized a structured questionnaire across a random sample, and 100 valid samples were collected. The Shen, Lin (2004) questionnaires designed for knowledge of the environment was used. SPSS 21.0 software was used for data processing and analysis. Results: The scope of environmental health cognition, people mostly are aware of the scope of this aspect of waste disposal (75%), but also that garbage disposal is a priority (66%) .The scope of the behavior intentions and behaviors, some people can be expected to do community work environmental health landscaping (4.44 ± 0.78). Prevention of disease is considered the most important purpose (4.42 ± 0.67); also believes this work is beneficial (4.08 ± 0.86). But for their own funding , and there is not much willingness to do these(3.82 ± 1.02); if they have families supportive , and access to environmental health relevant knowledge and skills will affect the willingness and participation (4.24 ± 0.82) they perform . Different patterns of residence and community, also affect their willingness to work (p = .000). People whose got primary school education or less compared with others, they considered the environmental health is important (p =.003). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Results could not only help to enhance public environmental health cognition, behavior intentions and behaviors, but also help to elevate the quality of life.