高壓氧治療對阿茲海默症的影響探究

Exploration of the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on Alzheimer's disease

10.6202/THJ.202312_(19).0003

徐加偉(Xu Jia-wei)；趙娜(Zhao Na)；蘇裕盛(Su Yu-sheng)

阿茲海默症 ； 高壓氧 ； tau磷酸化 ； 神經炎症 ； 氧化壓力 ； Alzheimer's disease ； Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ； tau phosphorylation ； neuroinflammation ； oxidative stress

慈惠學報

19期（2023 / 12 / 01）

50 - 64

繁體中文;英文

阿茲海默症（Alzheimer's disease, AD）是一種神經退化性疾病，主要表現為認知障礙，且是一種不可逆轉的疾病。缺氧對機體的影響是多方面的，尤其是對於AD患者，可能會破壞β澱粉樣蛋白（β-amyloid protein, Aβ）代謝、氧化壓力（oxidative stress, OS）以及粒線體功能和突觸功能障礙等，從而加快AD的病程。有研究發現，高壓氧治療改善了AD動物模型的認知能力，並改善了AD和遺忘性輕度認知障礙患者的代謝狀態和認知評分。並有研究表明發現高壓氧治療對腦損傷具有治療作用以及在高壓氧治療的早期干預下減少了腦水腫和海馬體中凋亡細胞的數量，並且高壓氧治療還對於AD的發病機制方面起著抑制作用，所以高壓氧治療在一定程度上可以改善患者認知缺陷和認知功能。儘管高壓氧治療似乎對AD患者有益，但其具有氧毒性，並且還有可能導致去氧核糖核酸、蛋白質和脂質等大分子的損傷。目前的研究資料仍然有限，高壓氧治療對AD的長期療效和安全性未來仍需進一步研究和驗證。因此，在應用高壓氧治療時需要謹慎，並且需要進行充分的評估和監測。

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by cognitive impairment and is an irreversible disorder. The impact of hypoxia on the body is multifaceted, particularly for individuals with AD, as it may disrupt the metabolism of β-amyloid protein (Aβ), oxidative stress (OS), as well as impair mitochondrial and synaptic functions, thereby accelerating the progression of AD. Research has indicated that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has improved cognitive abilities in AD animal models and enhanced metabolic status and cognitive scores in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment. Studies have also suggested that HBOT exhibits therapeutic effects on brain injuries, reduces brain edema, and the number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampus with early intervention. Moreover, HBOT has been shown to exert inhibitory effects on the pathological mechanisms underlying AD. While HBOT appears beneficial for AD patients, it is essential to consider its oxygen toxicity, which may potentially lead to damage to macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. Current research data are still limited, and further investigation and validation are needed to understand the long-term efficacy and safety of HBOT for AD. Therefore, caution is required in the application of HBOT, necessitating thorough assessment and monitoring.