题名

Directors' Share Collateralization, Earnings Management and Firm Performance

并列篇名

董監事股權質押、盈餘管理與公司績效相關性之研究

DOI

10.6538/TAR.2007.0602.02

作者

高蘭芬(Lan-Feng Kao);陳安琳(An-Lin Chen)

关键词

董監事質押 ; 盈餘管理 ; 董事會 ; Share collateralization ; Directors' personal leverage ; Board of directors ; Earnings management ; Abnormal accruals

期刊名称

中華會計學刊

卷期/出版年月

6卷2期(2007 / 04 / 01)

页次

153 - 172

内容语文

英文

中文摘要

本研究探討董監事股權質押是否降低公司盈餘品質,以及與董監事股權質押有關的盈餘操縱行為是否傷害公司績效。董監事股權質押反應董監事的財務壓力,當董監事持股票向銀行借款,可借到的金額受到股票價格水準與股價波動性的影響。一般而言,董監事可以借到所質押股票價值的三成至六成,質押之股票的股價波動愈大所能借到的成數則愈少。為了取得較高的貸款成數而衍生的股價穩定的需求,使得董監事有穩定盈餘的誘因,盈餘平穩化的誘因也使得董監事個人的財務槓桿行為與公司財務報導產生連結。董事會特性對公司財務報導的影響為公司治理研究中的重要研究課題(例如,Klein,2002),大部份的研究強調在如何改善董事會結構以提高財務報導的可信度。然而在台灣董事會缺乏獨立性,甚至董監事本身就是代理衝突的來源,因此缺乏獨立性的董監事對財務報導的潛在負面影響也應受到重視。本研究的主要貢獻就是嘗試探討董監事個人的財務槓桿行為是否會降低公司盈餘報導的可信度。實證結果發現董監事股權質押與公司裁量性應計數的絕對值存在顯著正向關係,顯示董監事個人的融資行為會影響公司盈餘報導的品質。此外,董監事股權質押與裁量性應計數間的正向關係會隨著董監事持股的增加而增強,隱含當董監事與公司存在利益衝突時,董監事持股增加會使董監事股權質押所引發的盈餘品質下降的問題更為嚴重。實證結果也發現因董監事股權質押所引發的盈餘操縱與公司績效存在顯著負相關。整體而言,董監事的股權質押比率愈高,愈會基於自利的目的進行盈餘操縱,而因董監事股權質押所引發的盈餘操縱降低報導盈餘的可信度,也傷害公司的績效。由於質押的股票仍保留控制權與現金分配權,董監事面對財務壓力時願意以其持股作擔保來借款,因為上市櫃股票流動性高,銀行比較願意接受上市櫃股票作為擔保品,這些原因使得董監事股權質押在台灣相當普遍。由於股票質押貸款屬於董監事個人行為,目前政府對董監事股權質押並未禁止,但仍要求上市櫃公司每月公開揭露董監事股權質押相關資訊,並提醒投資人在投資時應考量董監事股權質押所可能帶來的影響。目前學者對董監事股權質押的研究幾乎都著重於對企業績效的影響,以及其與公司財務危機發生的關連性,尚未探討其對財務報導品質的影響。本研究的發現可以幫助管理當局了解董監事個人財務槓桿操作不僅對公司績效產生影響,也會降低公司財務報導的品質。

英文摘要

This study examines the association between director's share collateralization and earnings manipulation. We find that directors' share collateralization is significantly positively related to earnings management and the positive relation is stronger when the directors own more shares. Earnings management attributable to directors' share collateralization causes severe agency problems and hurts firm performance.

主题分类 社會科學 > 財金及會計學
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