利用廢棄太空包製作生質肥料之研究

STUDY ON BIO-FERTILZER BY UTILIZING MUSHROOM CULTIVATED WASTE

曾慧娟(Hui-Chuan Tseng)；陳志義(Chih-I Chen)

有機廢棄物 ； 生物醱酵技術 ； 生質肥料 ； 太空包 ； 固態肥料 ； Organic waste ； Biological fermentation technology ； Organic fertile ； Space bag ； Organic fertile

桃園創新學報

35期（2015 / 12 / 01）

157 - 168

繁體中文

台灣的有機廢棄物，如落葉、樹枝、果皮、廢棄蔬菜葉等，數量龐大、且占空間。以傳統焚化方式進行處理，會衍生耗費能源、CO_2 排放、空氣汙染等問題。改用生物醱酵技術，將有機物殘渣轉變成有機生質肥料，可免除焚化方式的問題，且不會造成土壤損害、恢復土地的生命力。本研究將廢棄太空包:稻殼:米糠:枯草桿菌=5:1:1:0.05，依比例放入醱酵桶，含水率60%；2 個月後，分析固態肥料，得到pH 值=7.4、EC 值=1.26、有機質(OM)=75.29、有機碳(OC)=42.30、有機氮(ON)=1.44、礦物質(P、K、Ca、Mg)約3.29%，C/N=29.4，外觀為茶褐色、芳香之有機固態肥料。經田園試驗栽種結球白菜,發現施加生質肥料後，具有明顯促進作物生長效果。

In Taiwan, there are large amounts of organic waste, such as leaves, branches, kitchen waste. Incineration treatment is the most popular way to be used but cause many problems such as energy wasting, CO_2 emissions and air pollution. Biological fermentation technology, decomposed organic matter by microbial fermentation, has no energy and environment problems stated above and the final product will be beneficial to crop growth. This study is focused on how to change the waste to become organic fertile. Put the materials, space bag, rice and bran, with the ratio 5: 1: 1: 0.05, into the fermenter. After two months fertilization with 60% moisture content, it became dark brown aromatic solid fertilizer, pH = 7.4, EC value = 1.26, organic matter (OM) = 75.10, organic carbon (OC) = 43.16, organic nitrogen (ON) = 1.44, minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg) about 3.29%. Pastoral test by planting cabbage, it found that those cabbages applied bio-fertilizer is heavier, promoting crop growth obviously.