大學運動員完美主義與運動倦怠之關係：教練自主支持的調節作用

Perfectionism and Burnout in College Athletes: The Moderation of Autonomy-Supportive Coaching Behaviors

10.53106/240996512022030901002

鄭宛筑(Wan-Chu Cheng)；鍾佳芸(Chia-Yun Chung)；黃崇儒(Chung-Ju Huang)

人格 ； 動機氣候 ； 重要他人 ； 基本心理需求 ； personality ； motivational climate ； significant others ； basic psychological needs

運動表現期刊

9卷1期（2022 / 03 / 01）

17 - 32

繁體中文

目的：探討教練自主支持對大學運動員完美主義與運動倦怠之間關係的調節作用。方法：以大學運動員為研究對象，進行問卷調查蒐集相關資料，包括：完美主義、運動倦怠、教練自主支持等量表，共收集302份有效問卷（男性153人、女性149人），平均年齡為20.5歲，所得資料以皮爾遜相關與調節效果分析等統計方法進行處理。結果：在主要效果上，運動員非適應性完美主義是正向預測運動倦怠，而教練自主支持是負向預測運動倦怠。而在高的知覺教練自主支持下，相較於低非適應性完美主義的運動員，高非適應性完美主義者的運動貶值和降低成就感明顯地比較高。結論：本研究結果更進一步的釐清完美主義、教練自主支持與運動倦怠之間的關聯性，教練自主支持會減少運動員的倦怠感，但只特別針對非適應性完美主義傾向較低者。因此，發展一些教育課程或策略來幫助運動員降低非適應性的完美主義是重要的，可以有效減少在運動訓練過程中所產生的倦怠感。

Purposes: This study examined whether autonomy-supportive coaching behaviors moderated the relationship between perfectionism and burnout in college athletes. Methods: The participants were 302 college athletes (153 males and 147 females, mean age = 20.5 years) who completed a battery of questionnaires including perfectionism, athletic burnout, and autonomy-supportive coaching behaviors. Data were analyzed by correlational and moderation analyses. Results: For those athletes with high levels of maladaptive perfectionism, they remained high levels of sports devaluation and reduced sense of accomplishment, while perceiving high autonomous support from their coaches. Regardless of the interaction between perfectionism and coach autonomous support, athletes' perfectionism positively predicted burnout whereas the perception of autonomy-supportive coaching behaviors negatively predicted burnout. Conclusions: The findings further clarify the relationships among perfectionism, autonomy-supportive coaching behaviors and athletic burnout. For those athletes with lower maladaptive perfectionism, coach autonomous support contributes to reduce their burnout symptoms. Thus, it is important to develop psychoeducational programs or strategies in effectively reducing perfectionism in athletes, which will help prevent athlete burnout.

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1. Lung Hung Chen,Jian-Hong Chen,Chih-En Kuo(2023)。Counting Blessings Promotes an Athlete'S Sleep Quality Before an Upcoming Competition: A single-case Report。運動表現期刊，10(2)，63-76。
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