大學校院電機及電子工程系所安全文化

Safety Culture in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Departments at Taiwanese Universities

吳聰智(Tsung-Chih Wu)；張菽萱(Shu-Hsuan Chang)；李謹仲(Chin-Chung Li)

實驗室安全 ； 安全文化 ； 組織因素 ； 個人因素 ； 交互作用 ； Laboratory safety ； Safety culture ； Organizational factors ； Individual factors ； Interaction effects

勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊

23卷1期（2015 / 03 / 15）

56 - 71

英文

本研究旨在發展群體層級的安全文化模式，並探索組織因素與個人因素對安全文化的交互作用。簡單隨機抽樣台灣地區70所大學電機及電子工程系所373名教師完成自陳式問卷調查，回收率為54.29%。探索性因素分析結果顯示，安全文化量表抽取基本假定、人為飾物、風險知覺與緊急應變、及安全承諾等四個因素，並保留21個題項。其次，研究者實施驗證性因素分析，進行模式修正後，該修正後的模式是可以接受的。因此，本研究所發展的安全文化量具有良好的效度及信度。最後，研究者實施二因子多變項變異數分析，結果顯示專任勞工安全衛生人員的設置與否與實驗場所類別對安全文化有交互作用，勞工安全衛生委員會的設置與否分別與教師的性別、年齡及職級對安全文化有交互作用。因此，不同個人因素的教師對安全文化的知覺是否不同，必須視大學的組織因素而定。本文作者對未設置專任勞工安全衛生人員或勞工安全衛生委員會的大學提出改善建議，以利於創造正面的安全文化。

This study aims at developing the model of group-level safety culture. It investigates the interactions between organizational and individual factors that affect group safety culture. The empirical data come from a simple random sample survey of 373 teachers in electrical and electronic engineering departments at 70 universities in Taiwan. The survey took the self-administered questionnaires, and was conducted. An exploratory factor analysis finds four factors in the safety culture scale: basic assumptions, artifacts, perceived risks and emergency response, and commitment to safety. A confirmatory factor analysis is used to check the model. The model is acceptable after slight modification, producing a reliable and valid scale for measuring safety culture. A two-way MANOVA indicates interaction effects on safety culture between (a) the presence of a full-time safety manager and the type of laboratory; and (b) the presence of a safety committee and the age, gender and academic rank of faculty members. Therefore, differences in perceptions of safety culture among university faculty vary according to institutional factors at their university. As a contribution to the development of a positive safety culture, the authors make some recommendations for improvement at universities without safety managers or safety committees.

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