木材加工場之真菌性生物氣膠特性研究

Characteristics of Molds Bioaerosol in Wood Processing Workplace

湯豐誠(Feng-Cheng Tang)；陳俊瑋(Chun-Wei Chen)；洪粕宸(Po-Chen Hung)；黃凱鈴(Kai-Ling Huang)；林雅惠(Ya-Hui Lin)；賴全裕(Chane-Yu Lai)

木塵 ； 生物氣膠 ； 黴菌毒素 ； Wood dust ； Bioaerosol ； Mycotoxins

勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊

24卷2期（2016 / 06 / 15）

128 - 141

繁體中文

由研究文獻得知，木材相關作業之工作者可能暴露於風險當中，例如木塵(wood dust)之暴露、引發職業性氣喘(occupational asthma)，或是黴菌毒素、內毒素(endotoxins)暴露情形。因此本研究選擇以木材鋸屑作業環境進行黴菌毒素(mycotoxins)暴露情形調查。實驗利用、安德森六階、Biosampler、AGI-30及SKC鋁製旋風分離器搭配PC濾紙，以評估木材加工廠黴菌在環境中濃度及黴菌毒素暴露劑量。研究結果顯示：工廠作業環境中暴露之黴菌毒素，以在鋸屑脫附液中測得黃麴毒素(Aflatoxin B1)、伏馬鎌孢毒素(Fumonisins)及玉米赤黴烯酮(Zearalenone)等濃度，相對於空氣採樣樣本為高。其中以Aflatoxin B1有較高的濃度，其濃度範圍在97.2~510.4 ng/g（鋸屑）。目前作業環境空氣中，黴菌毒素的含量限制及暴露限值並無完整規範，建議未來可加以規範，以防範疾病的增加。

It is known from the relevant research that workers engaged in wood-related jobs are exposed to health risks, such as occupational asthma, which could be induced by wood dust, or the exposure to aflatoxin or endotoxins. Therefore, this experiment chose a wood processing environment to conduct an investigation of mycotoxin exposure. The experiment used the Andersen six-stage viab1e sampler, Biosampler, AGI-30 and SKC aluminum cyclone with PC filter paper to evaluate the concentration of the fungi and mycotoxin in the wood processing plant. The results showed that in the working environment of a plant, Aflatoxin B1, Fumonisins and Zearalenonewere detected in the wood dust desorption solution, and the concentrations were all relatively higher than the air samples. Among these, Aflatoxin B1 had the highest concentration, with the range between 97.2 and 510.4 ng/g (wood dust). At present, there are no complete standards on the content limit of mycotoxins or the exposure limit on wood dust in the working environment. It is recommended that standards be imposed in the future to prevent the increase of diseases.

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