雷達衛星輔助工程環境監測－開放資料的潛力與機會

10.6653/MoCICHE.201806_45(3).0002

曾國欣；蔡富安；李睿綺；張中白

土木水利

45卷3期（2018 / 06 / 01）

4 - 12

繁體中文

臺灣工程環境受制於複雜的地質構造與土地利用，地表受到地震、斷層活動與地層下陷等變化影響，於短中長期對工程設計、施作與後續維護等全生命週期的永續經營造成不確定因素，因此具有時空上經濟效益的衛星觀測模式逐漸用以輔助工程環境上許多參數的監測。衛星遙測技術經歷多年的研究與驗證，資料品質日趨穩定且傳輸交流迅速，已逐步邁向營運化與實用性的導向。以光學為主的被動式遙測已在國土利用、分類與監測相關領域成為不可或缺的基礎資料源，而以雷達為主的主動式遙測技術也隨著資料開放的趨勢，成為系統性大範圍監測土地利用與地表形變的潛在工具。本篇文章將介紹利用歐洲太空總署於2014及2016年發射的Sentinel-1A/B兩顆雷達衛星，利用再訪影像中不同相位所組成的短基線合成孔徑雷達干涉技術（Small Baseline Subset Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar，SBAS DInSAR）分析，可用以監測臺灣西南平原的地層下陷速度、範圍與週期。後續經由全球衛星導航定位系統（Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS）連續追蹤站的點狀地面位移校正雷達成果，可填補地面觀測密度不足的地區，對地表變動的即時監測與長期趨勢預估提供了低成本且高效益的新選項。

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