莫拉克颱風災後十年之重建成果及省思（一）－序言及防災永續基礎建設

Reconstruction after Typhoon Morakot: Achievements and Reflection on Its 10th Anniversary (I) - Prologue & Infrastructure Built for Disaster Prevention and Sustainability

10.6653/MoCICHE.201906_46(3).0001

陳振川(Jenn-Chuan Chern)

土木水利

46卷3期（2019 / 06 / 01）

4 - 13

繁體中文

十年前的父親節，莫拉克颱風侵襲台灣，破紀錄的多天連續豪雨造成台灣中南部世紀的災情，影響40%總人口，造成國土環境、建築物及橋梁道路等基礎設施之嚴重損害。災後，政府結合民間力量積極救災及重建，並成立行政院莫拉克颱風災後重建推動委員會統籌五年重建工作，五年期間結合民間NGO及企業力量，秉持「以人為本，以生活為核心，尊重多元文化及居民參與」的原則，並以安全、尊重、效率、創新的特色進行重建。本特輯系列文章包括基礎建設、家園重建、產業重建及防災永續等四篇，探析重建推動過程與成果，以做為災後十週年之省思及經驗傳承。面對強降雨帶來土砂、漂流木、洪水所致複合式災害，及所致災後長期環境不穩定是重建之挑戰。行政院重建會結合各部會依據國土保育為先之區域重建綱要計畫，以河川流域為體，進行「山路河橋」之綜合規劃設計及執行，納入防災及永續之考量。十年來，災後基礎建設之復建突破困難而順利完成，通過歷年多次颱風豪雨嚴峻考驗，強化了重建區抗災之韌性，也利於民眾生活及產業發展。所採用基礎建設推動模式，特別是在丘陵高山及其河域地區重建方法，結合原住民文化及民間參與模式，展現重建成果與價值，值得參考。

August 8th 2009 was the day that witnessed how Typhoon Morakot battered Taiwan, bringing record-breaking rainfall that lasted for days, wreaking havoc to central and southern Taiwan, affecting 40% of the total population, and causing serious damage to the land environment, buildings and basic infrastructure such as bridges and roads. After the disaster struck, the Government set up the Morakot Post-Disaster Reconstruction Council (MPDRC), the administrative center in charge of the five-year reconstruction work. During the reconstruction period, public and private sectors have worked together under the principle of being ＂human-centered, with life at the core, and respectful of cultural diversity and resident participation＂ while also ensuring that reconstruction efforts were safe, respectful, efficient and innovative. On the 10th anniversary of this disaster, this series of articles reflect on the infrastructure reconstruction, the community reconstruction, the industry reconstruction, as well as the effort put into disaster prevention and sustainable development. This article examines the whole experience and evaluates the achievements, in the hope that what have been learned from undertaking this reconstruction mission will be passed on to future generations as valuable lessons. In the face of complex disasters caused by heavy rainfalls, including tremendous amounts of sediment and driftwood, severe flooding and long-term environmental instability, the MPDRC devised and implemented a comprehensive regional reconstruction plan based on the principle of concurrent ＂mountain, road, river, and bridge restoration,＂ focusing on river basins, giving priority to land conservation, and taking into consideration the importance of disaster prevention and environmental sustainability. Over the past ten years, the reconstruction of the infrastructure has been successfully completed and has withstood the serious tests posed by several typhoons and storms. Moreover, the infrastructure has become more resilient to disasters, which in turn has benefited those who live in the reconstructed areas and has facilitated the development of local industries and villager's living. The model for infrastructure reconstruction, especially the one applied to the reconstruction of areas on hills, in mountains and around rivers, and the emphasis on the preservation of indigenous culture and the participation of local residents, makes this reconstruction work so valuable, thus making them worthy sources of references.

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