應用UAV空拍影像和BASEGRAIN軟體分析河道泥沙粒徑分布之研究

Research on Analyzing Riverbed Sediment Particle Size Distribution Using UAV Aerial Imagery and Basegrain Software

10.6653/MoCICHE.202310_50(5).0011

陳祥偉；賴東暘；詹錢登

泥沙粒徑 ； BASEGRAIN軟體 ； 影像判釋 ； 粒徑分布 ； Sediment size ； BASEGRAIN software ； Image interpretation ； Size distribution

土木水利

50卷5期（2023 / 10 / 01）

78 - 90

繁體中文;英文

泥沙是河床的重要組成物質，泥沙的顆粒大小與分布會影響河道水流及輸沙特性，進而影響河道形貌及生態環境，因此瞭解河道泥沙顆粒大小與分布對於河道環境管理具有重要意義。傳統河道泥沙調查方法需要大量時間和人力去執行，成本高昂，無法進行大範圍及高頻率的調查。本研究探討使用無人機空拍技術和BASEGRAIN顆粒判釋軟體進行河床泥沙顆粒尺寸調查的適宜性。首先進行礫石顆粒的BASEGRAIN影像判釋室內試驗，並將結果與人工線採樣方法所取得的粒徑分布進行比較，選取合適之BASEGRAIN影像分析參數以獲取較佳的判釋結果。然後進行現地河道的無人機空拍，取得河道高解析度照片及正射影像，使用BASEGRAIN軟體判釋河床顆粒粒徑大小與分布。研究結果顯示合理的參數設定是提升BASEGRAIN判釋結果的重要因素，室內試驗的分析對象及工作環境較為單純，可取得比較好的結果。河道現地試驗的結果顯示因為河道現場環境較為複雜，BASEGRAIN影像判釋和人工線採樣法所得河床粒徑差異較大，其相對差異約在±70%以內。

Sediment is a crucial component of riverbeds, and the size and distribution of sediment particles can impact the flow dynamics and sediment transport of rivers, thereby influencing river morphology and ecological environment. Therefore, understanding the sediment-size distribution is of significant importance for riverine environmental managements. Traditional methods for sediment investigation in riverbeds require a substantial amount of time and manpower, resulting in high costs, making it challenging to conduct large-scale and high-frequency surveys. This study explores the suitability of utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial imaging technology and the BASEGRAIN software for assessing riverbed sediment. Initially, indoor experiments were conducted using BASEGRAIN interpretation for gravel particle analysis, and the results were compared with that obtained by a manual line-sampling method, so as to determine appropriate BASEGRAIN parameters. Subsequently, UAV aerial imaging was carried out in the field to obtain high-resolution photographs and orthoimages of the riverbed, and the BASEGRAIN was used to interpret sediment-size distribution of riverbed. The research findings indicate that appropriate parameter settings are a crucial factor in improving BASEGRAIN interpretation results. Indoor experiments, with simpler analysis subjects and environments, yielded better interpretation results. Field investigations showed that due to the complexity of the riverine environment, there were significant differences in sediment size distributions by the BASEGRAIN interpretation and the manual line sampling, with a relative difference within ±70%.

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