韓國佛教漢字語與中、日用語的異同淺析

Similarities and Differences between Korean Buddhist Hanjaeo, and Chinese, and Japanese Hanzi words

10.6624/PCCUJKS.2012.5

林先渝

Hanjaeo ； Sino-Korean word ； Sino-Japanese word ； Buddhism word

韓國學研究論文集

1期（2012 / 08 / 01）

77 - 102

繁體中文

Hanjaeo(Sino-Korean word) occupies a significant portion of Buddhist vocabulary in the Korean language, which also exhibits the highest similarity with Chinese and Sino-Japanese words. This was because Korea, China, and Japan all practice Mahayana Buddhism imported from northern or Chinese regions, and all practitioners of such faith follow Chinese translations of their religious texts. Comparing and analyzing Buddhist Hanzi vocabularies among Korea, Japan, and China should help us understand the origins and characteristics of Korean Buddhist vocabularies and the similarities and differences between the three countries' languages. While there are tens of thousands of dedicated Buddhist terms, this dissertation is only concerned with 2,129 Buddhist terms listed in the ＂Korean Dictionary(우리말사전)＂ edited by “Korean Language Association” . Buddhist texts and relevant works from Korea, Japan, and China are also referenced. The primary basis of comparison is to focus on the characteristics and meaning of Hanzi phrases. Of the 2,129 Buddhist headwords, there are 42 Korean terms, 57 Sino-Korean composite terms, and 2,030 other terms, meaning that 95% of all such vocabularies are essentially Hanzi phrases. 161 of such Sino-Korean words are unique to Korea, which makes for a total of 260 of such terms when assed with the aforementioned terms. Also, 52 terms demonstrate similarities or identicalness with Chinese or Japanese words. 1,817 terms are similar to Chinese, making for 85% of the total. In other words, 85% of Korean, Chinese, and Japanese Buddhist vocabularies are identical or similar.

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