臺灣自殺死亡率與經濟發展之實證研究

An Empirical Study of Morality Rate and Social Economic Development in Taiwan

10.6554/JKTUHS.2015.0101.02

陳冠志(Guan-Chih Chen)；謝仁和(Ren-Her Hsieh)；曹淑琳(Shuling Tsao)

自殺死亡率 ； 經濟發展 ； 金融海嘯 ； suicide morality rate ； economic development ； financial tsunami

高雄應用科技大學人文與社會科學學刊

1卷1期（2015 / 06 / 01）

11 - 23

英文

自殺雖然在2010年已退出十大死因，但仍一路攀高。本文研究臺灣在2001~2012年間自殺死亡率與各經濟發展因素在金融海嘯前後的變化，以MANOVA檢定比較自殺死亡率及經濟發展變數在金融海嘯前後的差異性，再利用迴歸分析探討經濟發展變數對自殺死亡率的影響程度。結果顯示，自殺死亡率在金融海嘯前後並無差異性，職業地位差距、失業率、工業化與貧窮有顯著上升，離婚率、都市化則顯著下降，離婚率、工業化、職業地位差距、吉尼係數、貧窮前一期之自殺死亡率皆對自殺死亡率有顯著影響。本文認為自殺成因非常複雜，並非單一因素可造成，其中經濟發展因素可能影響環境、精神狀態、生理因素以及社會壓力等，加上維特效應與這些因素的交互作用，才導致了自殺行為的產生。

Though suicide is out of top 10 causes of death from 2010, suicide mortality rate still keeps raising. This paper analyzes the differences of suicide mortality rates in Taiwan prior to and post the financial tsunami and the impacts of economic development factors on suicide mortality rate. This paper adopts correlation coefficient and time series methods to examine the relevance of economic development and suicide mortality rate in Taiwan. The descriptive statistics are used to observe characteristics and trends of economic development factors. The analysis of variance is used to understand the differences prior to and post the financial tsunami. The correlation coefficient analysis is used to analyze the relevance of variables. The change of the mean of suicide mortality rate prior to and post the financial tsunami increases though it is not significant. The means of occupational gap, unemployed rate, industrialization and poverty prior to and post the financial tsunami significantly increase. The means of divorce rate and urbanization significantly decreased. Divorced rate, industrialization, occupational gap, Gini coefficient, poverty and ultimo suicide mortality have significantly relevance with suicide morality rate. The causes of suicide are not single but complicated. The factors of economic development affect environment, spiritual status, physiological factors, social pressures and Werther Effects which interaction might cause suicide behaviors.

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