《一九八四》:歷史的重複與重生

Correlativity: All Over Creation of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four

10.6394/JHSS.201507_(16).0002

吳唯邦(Wei-Bon Wu)

原子彈 ； 老大哥 ； 個人崇拜 ； 時空 ； 徹底監視 ； A-bomb ； Big Brother ； cult of personality ； space-time ； pervasive surveillance

人文社會學報

16期（2015 / 07 / 01）

41 - 67

英文

本文旨在分析喬治歐威爾《一九八四》的歷史相關性，從小說的虛構世界出發，觸及與之相對的歷史背景。在後二戰時代，歐威爾對原子彈以及隨後衍生的大規模毀滅武器憂心忡忡。美軍於一九四五年八月在廣島與長崎投下原子彈後，同年十月歐威爾於倫敦論壇報(The London Tribune )刊出〈原子彈與你〉一文，文中表達他對原子彈可能造成的連環衝擊所感到的焦慮，並開啟了一系列與未來的對話。歐威爾於一九四九年出版的《一九八四》集結了他對極權主義政權的恐怖想像，在《一九八四》首次出版至今六十多年間，小說中對於未來的想像依然在歷史的重複和差異中再現。本文在歷史的循環演進與歐威爾的歷史觀之間重啟對話，從小說朝向自我毀滅途徑中，思索人性發展中的重複與重生。

This paper is a contextual analysis of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, intending to explore the correlativity in Orwell's fictional world in the novel and our existent world. In the post-World War II era, Orwell is concerned with the concomitant effects that come along with the weapon of mass destruction, specifically the A-bomb that had contributed to bringing World War II to an end. In the wake of dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, Orwell fires a warning shot with an article titled ＂You and the Atom Bomb＂ in the London Tribune on 19 October 1945, through which Orwell expresses his concerns about how the A-bomb could drastically alter the world at the time, and inaugurates a series of dialogue with the future. Subsequently, the dialogue culminates in his prominent novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, in which Orwell demonstrates the worst-case scenario of a totalitarian regime. Throughout the past six decades after its publication, the imagination of the future in the novel still rings true to a certain degree and manifests itself across historical periods with repetition and differences. The purpose of this paper is to recommence a dialogue between the loops of history and the historical view of Orwell, and more significantly, how differences are concocted in history so as to keep away from the dystopian path.

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