一場特異的奇幻旅程：維吉尼亞‧吳爾芙《奧蘭多》的時間、空間及性別踰越

A Fantasy Journey Singular: Time, Space and Gender Transgression in Virginia Woolf's Orlando

陳櫻珊(Ying-shan Chen)

《奧蘭多》 ； 雌雄同體 ； 奇幻之旅 ； 時空存有 ； 意識流 ； Orlando ； androgyny ； fantasy journey ； space-time being ； stream of consciousness

人文社會學報

18期（2018 / 07 / 01）

101 - 136

繁體中文

吳爾芙的《奧蘭多》闡述雌雄同體(androgyny)為性別踰越，描述主角奧蘭多到異地東方的奇幻之旅，在魔法施展下，偶發性由男兒身變為女兒身，之後在社會制約的生命經驗中，醞釀形塑女性意識。此後驗性別意識不僅不同於先驗生物本質論，這樣的特殊過程也說明性別踰越根基於特異的時間及空間向度；時間從文藝復興跨越到二十世紀，而空間從倫敦擴展到東方君士坦丁堡。此外，奧蘭多從一開始的單一自我，在不同時空架構下，透過自我（性別）意識反芻而分化為多重自我，並透過意識流的整合，形成宇宙（無）我與現代主義的頓悟(epiphany)。本文將闡述奧蘭多如何透過本體時空架構鋪陳與意識發展，進行雌雄同體此特異事件展演與奇幻生命旅程。

Virginia Woolf's Orlando explicates the concept of androgyny as gender transgression, depicting how Orlando primarily as a man transforms into a woman in the event of sex change provoked by the magical power in the exotic, oriental land of Constantinople, and consequently develops her woman consciousness. This gender consciousness, in contrast to a priori bio-essentialism, appeals to a posteriori life experiences developed with multi-selves conditioned by temporal-spatial existences from Renaissance to 20^(th)-century modern England and through the spatial extension of traveling from England to Constantinople. Thus, androgyny as sexual displacement and transgression in this text is based upon the ontological transgression of time and space. While in the end of the novel Orlando develops her psychic state of stream of consciousness for unifying the multi-selves into the cosmic one as epiphany and moments of being, this multi-selves integration into the cosmic one marks the completion of this fantasy journey singular as a life event.

1. Alexander, Jean(1974).The Venture of Form in the Novel of Virginia Woolf.New York:Kennikat Press, National Univ. Publication.
2. Bilman, Colin(2007).Creative Writing: A Guide and Glossary to Fiction Writing.Cambridge:Polity Press.
3. Bowlby, Rachel(1997).Feminist Destination and Further Essays in Virginia Woolf.Edinburg:Edinburg Univ. Press.
4. Carel, Havi(2006).Life and Death in Freud and Heidegger.Amsterdam, New York:Contemporary Psychoanalytical Studies Publisher.
5. Caughie, Pamela. L.(1989).Virginia Woolf's Double Discourse.Discontented Discourse: Feminism/ Textual Intervention/Psychoanalysis,Illinois:
6. Dick, Susan(2000).Literary Realism in Mrs. Dalloway, to the Lighthouse and Orlando.The Cambridge Companion to Virginia Woolf,Cambridge:
7. Farwell, Marilyn R.(1996).Heterosexual Plots and Lesbian Narratives.New York:New York Univ. Press.
8. Gualtieri, Elena(2002).Virginia Woolf's Essays: Sketching the Past.Hampshire:Palgrave Macmillan.
9. Harvison, Elizabeth Jane(Ed.),Peterson, Shirley(Ed.)(1997).Un-Mannering Modernism: Gendered Re-readings.Knoxville:The Univ. of Tennessee.
10. Humphrey, Robert(1954).Stream of Consciousness in the Modern Novel: James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, Dorothy Richardson and William Faulkner.Berkeley:University of California Press.
11. Hussey, Mark(1986).The Singing of the Real World: the Philosophy of Virginia Woolf's Fiction.Columbus:Ohio State Univ. Press.
12. James, William(1983).The Principle of Psychology.Cambridge, MA:Harvard Univ. Press.
13. Kant, Immanuel,Smith, Norman Kemp(Trans.)(2003).Critique of Pure Reason.New York:Palgrave Macmillan.
14. Kapur, Vijay(1979).Virginia Woolf. The Shaping Vision.New Jersey:Humanity Press.
15. Kern, Stephen(2011).The Modernist Novel: A Critical Introduction.Cambridge:Cambridge U.P..
16. Malpas, J.E.(2006).Heidegger's Topology: Being, Place, World.Massachusetts:Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
17. Naremore, James(1973).The World without a Self: Virginia Woolf and the Novel.New Haven:Yale Univ. Press.
18. Parsons, Deborah(2007).Theorists of Modernist Novel: James Joyce, Dorothy Richardson and Virginia Woolf.New York:Routledge.
19. Poresky, Louise A.(2005).The Elusive Self: Psyche and Spirit in Virginia Woolf's Novels.New Jersey:Associated Univ. Press.
20. Priest, Stephen(2007).The British Empiricism.New York:Routledge.
21. Rado, Lisa(2000).The Modern Androgyny Imagination: A Failed Sublime.Charlottesville:The Univ. Press of Virginia.
22. Schulteneover, David G(Ed.),John, J.(Trans.),Conley, S.J.(Trans.)(2009).The Reception of Pragmatism in France and the Rise of Roman Catholic Modernism, 1890-1914.S.J. Washington:The Catholic University of American Press.
23. Sim, Lorraine(2010).Virginia Woolf: the Patterns of Ordinary Experience.Farnham:Ashgate.
24. Tew, Philip,Murray, Alex(2009).The Modernism Handbook.London:Continuum.
25. Thakur, N.C.(1963).The Symbolism of Virginia Woolf.London:Oxford Univ. Press.
26. Winfield, Richard Dien(2014).Hegel and the Future of Systematic Philosophy.New York:Palgrave Macmillan.
27. Woolf, Virginia(2003).Orlando.Hertfordshire:Wordsworth Classics.
28. Woolf, Virginia,Schulkind, Jeanne(Ed.)(1985).Moments of Being: a Collection of Autobiographical Writing.Boston, MA:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
29. Žižek, Slajov(2004).Bodies Without Organs: Deleuze and Consequences.New York:Routledge.
30. 維琴妮亞．吳爾芙,陳惠華（譯）(2004).奧蘭多.台北:新潮出版社.