新移民電視節目與新住民認同建構之關聯性初探

A Preliminary Study of the Relationship between New immigrants TV Programs and the New Immigrant Identity Construction

蔡珮(Pei Tsai)

台灣新住民 ； 族群媒介 ； 社會認同 ； 認同建構 ； 泛族群性認同 ； New Immigrants in Taiwan ； ethnic media ； social identity ； identity construction ； pan-ethnic identity

人文社會學報

20期（2020 / 07 / 01）

109 - 136

繁體中文

本研究以【台灣是我家】與【WTO姐妹會】為研究對象，與新住民閱聽人進行焦點團體座談，從新住民閱聽人節目接收與認同建構的視角，檢視族群媒介功能的發揮程度，並提出對這兩個節目的製作改善建議。研究發現，【台灣是我家】和【WTO姊妹會】共同發揮了「促進不同文化間的交流」和「提供少數族群的媒體能見度與其他新住民連結」之功能；個別的族群媒介功能在【台灣是我家】是「提升族群驕傲感」，【WTO姊妹會】則有「娛樂功能」、「協助少數族群適應主流社會」與「紓解不友善環境的疏離感」。【台灣是我家】讓新住民產生認同上的矛盾－既驕傲又自卑，但不同性別與族群的新住民之矛盾來源並不相同，此外，在職業認同上則產生二度刻板印象化的排斥感；【WTO姐妹會】引發新住民泛族群性認同的吸納與排擠，排擠之因在大陸與東南亞新住民間存在著差異，但希望從節目中獲得「母職」認同的肯定，倒是女性新住民有志一同的期待。新住民感受到台灣社會對他們的態度，和接收節目內容互動後所產生的社會認同，不同國籍與生活經驗的新住民有其各自「類化」所屬的「內團體」與「外團體」，呈現出不同「性別」、「族群」、「地域」、「職業」、「母國」的異質性。為改善新住民認同的矛盾，本文最後提出多元文化節目的製作建議。

Focus groups were conducted with new immigrant audience members of the two TV programs, Taiwan Is My Home and WTO Sister Show. From the perspective of audience reception and identity construction, the study attempted to understand how well these two programs have fulfilled ethnic media functions and to find suggestions for improvement for these programs. The findings show that, collectively, both Taiwan Is My Home and WTO Sister Show fulfilled the ethnic media functions of ＂facilitated exchanges between different cultures＂ and ＂providing media visibility of ethnic minority and connections with other new immigrants＂. Moreover, Taiwan Is My Home also served the function of ＂improving the sense of ethnic pride＂, while WTO Sister Show fulfilled the function of ＂providing entertainment＂, ＂helping ethnic minorities to adapt to the mainstream＂, and ＂alleviating the sense of alienation in the unfriendly environment.＂ The study found that Taiwan Is My Home generated a contradiction in identity for new immigrants. They may have feelings of pride and inferiority at the same time. But for different gender and ethnicity, the sources of contradiction in identity for new immigrants are different. Also, the program re-stereotypes new immigrants in terms of occupational identities. Moreover, WTO Sister Show presents a pan-ethnicity that the new immigrants may identify with or feel excluded at the same time. This is different for new immigrants from mainland China and from Southeast Asia. However, all female new immigrants agreed that motherhood identity should be affirmed in these TV programs. After watching the programs, the social identities exhibited by new immigrants are the product of interaction between program content and the attitude of Taiwan society towards them that they perceived from experience of living in Taiwan. Since new immigrants with different nationalities and experiences belong to different in-groups and out-groups after social categorization, their social identities are heterogeneous according to difference in gender, ethnicity, occupation, home town geography, and motherland nationality. In order to reduce the contradictions in new immigrant identity, production suggestions for multicultural ethnic programs are proposed in the conclusion.

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