化學治療引起的突發性噁心嘔吐的檢視

10.6666/ClinMed.2017.80.2.088

李耀泰；陳福民；郭宗正

化學治療 ； 突發性噁心嘔吐(breakthrough nausea and vomiting) ； 預防性止吐藥(prophylactic antiemetics)

臨床醫學月刊

80卷2期（2017 / 08 / 25）

475 - 478

繁體中文

對高致吐和中致吐化學治療，基本上會使用預防性止吐藥物，但少數患者仍會發生噁心嘔吐，稱之為突發性噁心嘔吐，會導致患者相當不適，甚至要放棄化療，就等於化療失敗，此時救援性止吐治療極顯重要。故在治療前須先分析致吐的危險因子、是否存在其它致吐的疾病或藥物、預防性止吐藥物的種類和劑量是否得宜等。治療突發性噁心嘔吐的藥物，原則上應與預防性的藥物不同，其中口服使用olanzapine和aprepitant效果很好，對嚴重嘔吐無法口服藥物者，可採藥物注射或皮膚貼片。同時在下次化療前，可考慮同時使用救援藥物來預防突發性噁心嘔吐。

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