大腦老化及其神經生理變化與未來展望

10.6666/ClinMed.201912_84(6).0135

鄭智銘；劉慕恩；楊誠弘；蔡世仁；蔡佳芬

老年（elderly） ； 神經認知功能（neurocognitive function） ； 非侵入性腦刺激術（noninvasive brain stimulation）

臨床醫學月刊

84卷6期（2019 / 12 / 27）

816 - 820

繁體中文

隨著人口老化的速率加快，如何減緩認知老化的速率是一門很重要的課題。大腦老化過程中，目前研究已發現會有腦部結構改變、神經突觸及神經分泌物變化、大腦功能活性模式改變、及休息態神經活性改變等等。近年來，隨著神經科學研究的發展，希望不久的將來我們能應用以證據為基礎的非侵入性腦刺激術，如經顱電刺激術（transcranial electrical stimulation, TES）或是經顱磁刺激術（transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS）在這些老化的族群的認知功能議題上，達到減少個案的生活上的負擔，更降低家庭與整體社會的照顧壓力。

1. Barker, AT,Jalinous, R,Freeston, IL(1985).Non invasive magnetic stimulation of human motor cortex.Lancet,1,1106-1107.
2. Cabeza, R,Grady, CL,Nyberg, L(1997).Age-related differences in neural activity during memory encoding and retrieval: a positron emission tomography study.J Neurosci,17391-17400.
3. Cheng, CM,Juan, CH,Chen, MH(2016).Different forms of prefrontal theta burst stimulation for executive function of medication- resistant depression: Evidence froma randomized sham-controlled study.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry,66,35-40.
4. Cotelli, M,Manenti, R,Rosini, S(2010).Action and Object Naming in Physiological Aging: An rTMS Study.Front Aging Neurosci,2,151.
5. Davis, SW,Dennis, NA,Daselaar, SM(2008).Que PASA? The posterior anterior shift in aging.Cereb Cortex,18,1201-1209.
6. Grady, CL(2008).Cognitive neuroscience of aging.Ann N Y Acad Sci,1124,127-144.
7. Guse, B,Falkai, P,Wobrock, T(2010).Cognitive effects of high-frequency repetitivetranscranial magnetic stimulation: a systematic review.J Neural Transm,117,105-122.
8. Hedman, AM,van, Haren, NE,Schnack, HG(2012).Human brain changes across the life span: a review of 56 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies.Hum Brain Mapp,33,1987-2002.
9. Kim, SH,Han, HJ,Ahn, HM(2012).Effects of five daily high-frequency rTMS on Stroop task performance in aging individuals.Neurosci Res,74,256-260.
10. Li, CT,Chen, MH,Juan, CH(2014).Efficacy of prefrontal theta-burststimulation in refractory depression: a randomized sham-controlled study.Brain,137,2088-2098.
11. Raz, N,Gunning-Dixon, FM,Head, D(1998).Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging.Neuropsychology,12,95-114.
12. Reuter-Lorenz, PA,Cappell, KA(2008).Cappell KA. Neurocognitive Agingand the Compensation Hypothesis.Current Directions in Psychological Science,17,177-182.
13. Su, TP,Huang, CC,Wei, IH(2005).Add-on rTMS for medication-resistant depression: a randomized, double-blind, sham controlled trial in Chinese patients.J Clin Psychiatry,66,930-937.
14. Tatti, E,Rossi, S,Innocenti, I(2016).Non-invasive brain stimulation of the aging brain: State of the art and future perspectives.Ageing Res Rev,29,66-89.
15. 國家發展委員會(2018)。國家發展委員會。中華民國人口推估(2018至2065年)。2018。
16. 黃正平(2011).臨床老年精神醫學.臺北:合記出版社.

1. 鄭麗蘭,楊坤瑜,陳依靈,許原慈(2023)。營養補充及肌力訓練對高齡者認知功能之探討。休閒運動健康評論，12(1)，61-70。