復健新領域－機器人復健於中樞神經損傷後的應用

10.6666/ClinMed.202205_89(5).0052

廖禹喬；徐伯誠

機器人（robotic- assisted/robotics） ； 神經復健（neurorehabilitation） ； 神經可塑性（neuroplasticity） ； 中風（stroke） ； 脊髓損傷（spinal cord injury）

臨床醫學月刊

89卷5期（2022 / 05 / 27）

321 - 328

繁體中文

中樞神經受損後之運動與感覺功能損傷會導致後續整體日常生活功能障礙，復健介入對於運動功能損傷是目前具實證支持的治療方式之一。復健治療的理論建構於中樞神經系統損傷後之神經再塑性，藉由足量、重複且高頻率的動作訓練使受傷之神經重新組織迴路，進而修復神經之功能。機器人復健乃藉由外部機械輔助，達到運動與感覺功能訓練的復健輔助方式；機器與病人之間可以透過多種不同回饋，調整運動模式，增加肢體的感覺回饋，藉此增進復健動機，達到強化復健運動訓練的效果。目前復健機器人可大致分為上肢與下肢機器人，須針對患者作個別化之評估，並非所有中樞神經損傷之患者皆一體適用。另外，機器人復健是否優於傳統復健治療仍尚待進一步研究，故定位上應作為復健治療之輔助設備，無法完全取代現有之復健訓練模式。隨著科技輔助器材之蓬勃發展與改良，應用於復健目之的治療用復健機器人可提供中樞神經損傷患者更多治療選項。

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