博物館價值評估初探：以旅行成本法評估十三行博物館

The Economic Appraisal of Museum Value: Travel Cost Analysis of Shihsanhang Museum of Archaeology

10.6686/MuseQ.200701_21(4).0007

林明美(Ming-Mei Lin)；林元興(Edward Y. Lin)

文化經濟學 ； 旅行成本法 ； 條件評估法 ； 價值 ； 十三行博物館 ； Cultural Economics ； Travel Cost Method ； Contingent Valuation Method ； value ； Shihsanhang Museum of Archaeology

博物館學季刊

21卷4期（2007 / 01 / 10）

131 - 147

繁體中文

博物館不僅是各國重要文物保管場所，且兼為各國文化與教育的象徵，是「公共財」，也是「優質財」，但有關其價值的評斷卻容易流為兩極化，有些學者認為博物館價值極高，無法估算，因此是無價的；但有些學者卻又認為從收入與支出的面向來看，博物館是賠錢貨。本文除簡述博物館的價值評估方向、方法外，並擬借用經濟學非市場的調查方法，以旅行成本法對十三行博物館的價值進行評價，以系統抽樣調查購票進入該館之參訪者391名，求得每名參訪者來訪旅行成本的平均數為1,115元，使用總價值高達75億元，比該館的建設經費高出20倍，也比該館與八里左岸的總建設經費高出10倍，效益宏大，顯見博物館的設施不僅對社會、文化貢獻良多，在經濟方面亦有顯著的貢獻。

A museum is not only a place that preserves national treasures, but is also an emblem of a nation's culture and education. It is both a ＂public good＂ and a ＂merit good＂. However, the value appraisal of a museum tends to be polarized. Some scholars argue that museums are priceless, in that the value of a museum is too high to estimate. Yet, other scholars believe that museums are money-losing ventures, based on the comparison of income and expenditures. This article introduces considerations and methods for valuation of a museum, and aims to quantify the intangible contribution of Shihsanhang Museum of Archaeology in Taipei County using Travel Cost Method, an economic valuation of non-market goods. After systematic sampling, 391 museum visitors were surveyed. It was found that the average travel cost per visitor is NT$1,115 with the total value being NT$75 million, which is 20 times more than the construction cost of the Museum and 10 times higher than the total cost of the Bali Left Bank construction project. This infers that the facilities of a museum not only benefit the society and culture, but also contribute significantly to the economy.

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