懷舊與創新：21世紀歷史展示新定位

Combining Nostalgia with Innovation: The New Position of Historical Displays in the 21st Century

10.6686/MuseQ.200807_22(3).0003

耿鳳英(Feng-Ying Ken)

歷史展示 ； 展示歷史 ； 博物館展示 ； historical exhibitions ； history of exhibitions ； museum exhibitions

博物館學季刊

22卷3期（2008 / 07 / 01）

39 - 54

繁體中文

博物館展示在歷經三個世紀的發展，於21世紀開始呈現出多元繁華的面貌。作為與觀眾接觸的第一線，各博物館無不用盡心力，推陳出新地規劃展示內容、手法與新技術，最終目的即是在吸引觀眾，創造無與倫比的博物館參觀經驗。歷史展示在博物館展示中，往往是最單調、沈悶的類型，但是近年來，博物館開始注重以人為導向的策展方式，他們不只注重社會需求的動態，掌握了人們念舊與懷舊的心理，並結合創新的構想與手法，緊緊抓住觀眾的心。本文首先回顧博物館展示的演進，分析三百年來影響展示發展的重要因素。其次，針對現代觀眾「喜新厭舊」的心理特質，來探討歷史展示所面臨的窘境，「新」是否代表更好？「舊」是否就必須揚棄？在21世紀中，我們希望找尋歷史展示新定位，試圖發掘新舊調和的平衡點，融入新概念與手法，找尋歷史展示的新出路。同時，提出國外案例進行分析，探討日本近幾十年來成立的幾座歷史性博物館成功的原因。最後，歸納出歷史展示未來發展的四個關鍵性因素，提供未來博物館理論與實務運用之參考。

After three centuries of development museum displays have become more diverse and stunning since the beginning of the 21st century. As exhibition is museums' first line of contact with their visitors, museums are alike throughout the world in making every effort to organize exhibitions with new devices and techniques, with the hope to offer visitors an unique museum-visiting experience. Usually the historical displays are found the most boring and monotonous genre among museum exhibitions. But when museum exhibitions combine the social pulse, the nostalgia atomsphere, and innovative devices and methods, they do capture the visitors' attention. The paper first reviews the development of museum exhibitions, and then analyzes the important factors in the past three centuries that shaped the development. Moreover, the tendency to favor the new and discard the old is a common personality trait among people today. Given so, the paper discusses the difficult situation faced by historical exhibitions. Does ＂new＂ mean better? Should anything old be tossed away? In the 21st century, we hope to find a new position for historical exhibition, trying to achieve perfect harmony between the old and the new. With new concepts and techniques developed in historical exhibitions, a new direction for history museums can be located. Also, in the paper some foreign cases are studied to analyze the successful factors of several history museums established in Japan in recent decades. Finally, it generalizes four key elements for the development of historical exhibitions in the future as sources of reference for museums both in theory and in practice.

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