Creating Online Learning Environments for Museums

創造一個賦權式的博物館線上學習環境

10.6686/MuseQ.200907_23(3).0003

劉襄儀(Alison Hsiang-Yi Liu)

museum education ； Internet strategy ； museum website ； virtual community ； Web2.0 ； 博物館教育 ； 博物館網站 ； 線上社群 ； 網路學習環境 ； 賦權式線上學習

博物館學季刊

23卷3期（2009 / 07 / 01）

37 - 65+67

英文

In recent years, a growing emphasis on communication approaches has changed the face of museum education from a dominating position to a more inclusive profile that increasingly embraces public viewpoints. This development is amplified and further advanced due to the wide prevalence of the Internet, in particular the World Wide Web, making the dialogues between museums and their visitors even more interactive and collaborative. Since the web has changed the online environment for museums, allowing unprecedented participation by virtual visitors, it is time to consider what kind of role should the web play in museum education and how should it develop in the future? This study presents some observations of practical examples from museums around the world, with a focus on their web strategies adopted to offer a plurality of learning experiences, create dialogues for exchanging ideas, and cultivate interactive relationships with their visitors. The author discusses and analyzes the benefits, opportunities, and challenges faced by museums in practice. A balanced approach is proposed in the conclusion that, in order to remain relevant in the outside world while not diminishing their role as credible arbiters of knowledge, museums should try to give appropriate weight to both the benefits of authoritative control and the productive power of content generated by users across the web.

近年來強調溝通為取向的博物館學思潮，已促使博物館教育的面貌從權威性的主導角色，日益朝向接納與包容多元的公眾觀點。網路的普及進一步加速了此種發展趨勢，協助博物館納入廣大的線上訪客之參與，創造出更為雙向互動的對話。顯然，博物館教育的地景已正面臨轉變，特別是當線上參與者以前所未有的姿態踏入這塊疆域，模糊且擴大了我們向來所理解的博物館經驗。此轉變於是乎，也正召喚著我們去思考：應該讓網路扮演什麼樣的角色，方能真正有利於實現博物館教育的願景？本文剖析世界各地的博物館實務，聚焦於其如何透過線上策略來為廣泛大眾提供多元的學習經驗、創造對等交流的溝通、培育博物館與訪客之間的夥伴關係。針對網路所帶來的機會、潛能與挑戰，作者提出一些平衡性的觀點，建議博物館應該要在不減損其作為可信的知識仲裁者之餘，設法賦權予線上訪客之內容共造，方能融入在地思考、與外在世界建立關聯。

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