「女人的首飾，男人的玩具」－性別與古董玉器蒐藏

＂Women’s Jewelry, Men’s Toys＂: On Gender and Ancient Jade Collecting

10.6686/MuseQ.201201_26(1).0007

李玉瑛(Yu-Ying Lee)

蒐藏 ； 性別 ； 知識 ； 眼力 ； 玉器 ； collecting ； gender ； ancient jade ； knowledge

博物館學季刊

26卷1期（2012 / 01 / 01）

87 - 103

繁體中文

現有蒐藏的研究，幾乎都注意到男女蒐藏品的差異性以及特質，但是，卻沒有特別處理女性蒐藏家少於男性的問題。為何在臺灣玉器蒐藏的領域中，女性明顯的是少數？本文由深度訪談資料的分析顯示：文化與社會的結構因素才是讓女性遠離蒐藏家的真正理由，歸根究底，女性在社會中處於經濟的弱勢，是她們不能夠成為蒐藏家的關鍵因素，而女性要花時間從事家務勞動，因此其閒暇時間明顯的少於男性，也讓她們無法鑽研關於玉器的知識，更無法花時間和其他的蒐藏家或是古董商交流，同時缺乏上戰場購買蒐藏品的實戰經驗，這些都不利於「眼力」的訓練。所以並非只是性別角色社會化影響蒐藏實踐，關於蒐藏知識的形成和積累的途徑，才是讓女性處於劣勢的關鍵因素。所以蒐藏知識門檻的高低與難度，可能比性別刻板化更明顯地影響蒐藏實踐。

Most of the existing literature on collecting and gender issues has looked at the different objects collected by men and women, as well differences in the way they present their collections. Few researchers have investigated why there are more prestigious male collectors than female collectors. The focus of this research is on ancient jade collecting in Taiwan, and an attempt is made to answer the question of why female jade collectors are in the minority. Analysis of in-depth interview data shows that social and cultural institutional forces deter women from collecting. More specifically, women have less spending power than men, thus women may not have the necessary budget to purchase jade. Additionally, women have less leisure time than men, therefore they are not able to study or join the jade collecting community to build knowledge. Since women buy less they cannot accumulate experience in buying, thus have fewer chances to train their eye through trial and error. The data clearly show that the thresholds for accumulating knowledge on collecting are more crucial than gender roles in influencing collecting practices.

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