英文摘要
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Management effectiveness has gradually become an important issue in museum studies. Relevant discussions about the organization and operating model of museums have been widely raised. These discussions have tended to provide a resolution to the poor performance of museums. New management models have been proposed, including "privatization," "corporatization," and "Build-Operate-Transfer (B.O.T.)." These new alternatives mainly aim to strengthen the competitiveness of public museums. Among the museums in the world, the Louvre Museum is considered one of the most successful due to its high operating performance. As of 2012, the average annual attendance reached almost ten million, exceeding that of the British Museum in the U.K. and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the U.S. It goes without saying that the Louvre is the most popular public museum in France. As a public museum, the government-owned identity of the Louvre seems not to be an issue in its performance. In addition, it is the first public museum in the world with successful overseas expansion, following the international expansion of the Guggenheim Museum, a U.S. private museum. The Louvre's cooperation with Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates implies a loosening of restrictions that have long been imposed on public museums. The purpose of this study is to explore the operating model and operating performance of the Louvre through documentary research. An attempt has also been made in this study to posit the identity of public museums and to resolve possible restrictions. Implications of this study will be helpful for the management of public museums in Taiwan and for improving their operating performance.
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