兒童博物館學的在地實踐－以國立臺灣美術館為例

Children's Museology Practices in Taiwan: A Case Study of the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts

10.6686/MuseQ.202304_37(2).0005

王惇蕙(Chun-Hui Wang)

兒童博物館學 ； 兒童參與 ； 博物館教育 ； children's museology ； children's participation ； museum education

博物館學季刊

37卷2期（2023 / 04 / 01）

93 - 111+113

繁體中文;英文

本研究以國立臺灣美術館臺灣兒童藝術基地「互動體驗空間」為例，以博物館教育人員規劃與觀眾參與之質化、量化回饋，檢視兒童博物館學（Children's Museology）實踐於博物館之可能；兒童博物館學於本文之操作型定義為「將兒童視為獨立個體，邀請兒童參與過程，認真對待兒童觀點並積極回應」。本研究旨在提供博物館教育人員規劃與實踐兒童博物館學之參考，研究方法採行動研究法，以問卷及訪談收集參與者（兒童、陪伴者、工作人員）建議與回饋，並以影像、文字記錄參與過程，研究結果顯示：一、原型測試階段：將學習主導權賦予兒童，以混齡方式觀察兒童體驗，且不限制教具使用方法、與陪伴者互動方式。研究發現，兒童偏好會因不同年齡階段而有明顯的區別，3至7歲兒童偏好直覺性元素、8至12歲兒童喜好層層指引與關卡設計；陪伴者多半做為促進兒童學習的角色。二、優化階段：將兒童視為獨立個體，針對兩個年齡層規劃整體使用情境（教具、文字等）。研究發現，無論年齡大小兒童皆偏好開放、自由、多樣體驗，由其主導並創造自身的學習模式尤佳；陪伴者的參與不僅限於促進兒童學習，現場提供的補充資料亦可觸發陪伴者之學習動機。

The focus of this study is on the collaborative process with children and their caregivers during the development of the interactive Art+Play Space at the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts. Based on educator planning and audience research, possibilities for implementing children's museology practices were examined. The aim of this study is to provide a reference for museum educators who are interested in developing and implementing children's museology practices in Taiwan. Research methods included case study, participatory observation, and questionnaire surveys. The findings indicated that the creation of free and open learning areas at the idea development stage can help educators learn about users and their needs, while providing context-based prototypes during the testing stage can spark conversations between educators and users and enable users to interact with near-final educational kits and highlight areas that are less than user friendly.

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