重度智能障礙者家庭主要照顧者的就業期待、困境與因應模式：以特教學校家長為例

The Employment Expectations, Difficulties Confronted and Coping Patterns of the Main Caregivers of Families with Severe or Profound Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Taking the Parents of Special Education School Students as an Example

10.6690/JSWPR.202306_(13).0003

林辰穎(Chen-Ying Lin)；官有垣(Yu-Yuan Kuan)

就業 ； 智能障礙 ； 照顧者 ； 需求 ； Employment ； Intellectual Disabilities ； Caregiver ； Need

社會工作實務與研究學刊

13期（2023 / 06 / 01）

73+75+77 - 113

繁體中文;英文

本研究針對特殊教育學校重度以上智能障礙學生／畢業生家長（家庭主要照顧者）之就業困境與期待進行探討。除深入了解這些家長對就業的主體性需求與期待，也嘗試探討照顧服務工作對於這些智能障礙者家長平衡照顧與就業之可行性。本文針對十位學生家長進行深度訪談，同時結合需求觀點進行檢視後，發現與建議如下︰第一、就學期間與畢業後的智能障礙者家長面臨的就業困境有其共同性；第二、就業對照顧者的意義不僅於經濟，還有追求自主尊嚴與自我價值的內在需求；第三、照顧服務產業或可為智能障礙者家庭照顧者平衡照顧與就業的可行路徑。第四、從需求觀點的檢視，身心障礙福利政策應從「個人福祉」朝「家庭福祉」導向邁進。

This study aimed at parents (the family's primary caregivers) of students/graduates with severe or profound intellectual and developmental disabilities (SPIDD) in special education schools to explore their employment difficulties and expectations while their children were in school or after graduation. In addition to understanding these parents' subjective needs or expectations for employment, this study tries to explore the feasibility of care service work for these parents to balance care and employment. Conducting in-depth interviews with parents of 10 children with SPIDD, this study examined them from the perspective of the needs finding the result as follows. First, the employment difficulties faced by the parents of children with SPIDD during school and after graduation have their commonalities; Second, the significance of employment to caregivers is not only economic but also the intrinsic need to pursue self-dignity and self-worth; Third, the care service industry may be a workable path for family caregivers of the disabled to balance care and employment. Fourth, from the needs perspective, welfare policies for people with disabilities should be guided from "personal well-being" to "family well-being".

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