台灣民眾景觀美感素養之研究

Studies on the Landscape Aesthetic Literacy of Taiwan

李彥希(Yen-Hsi Li)；顏宏旭(Hung-Hsn Yen)

景觀美感素養 ； 層級分析法 ； landscape aesthetic literacy ； Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

造園景觀學報

19卷2期（2013 / 06 / 01）

63 - 88

繁體中文

在景觀評估之研究，過去主要針對景觀環境的屬性或是景觀元素去了解人們觀看景觀環境後所產生的心理感受程度，在觀看者或專業者部分之景觀美感素養之探究與分析仍付之闕如，而環境景觀美感的提昇，不僅專業者必須具備良好的景觀美感素養，一般民眾的景觀美感素養可能更是環境景觀美感提升的關鍵因素。因此，本研究以文獻回顧建構景觀美感素養之向度與因素，確立各層級因素後，再運用層級分析法訪談景觀之學者與專家，並以Expert Choice 11之軟體分析「景觀美感素養」評估指標之相對權重，以做為測量民眾景觀美感素養之權重分數。由研究結果可知，台灣民眾景觀美感素養自評的平均分數為3.36，百分分數為67.22分，而從統計分析結果中可知，43-62歲（中壯年）、個人月收入五萬元以上、目前居住在都市、曾有住過農村經驗的民眾其景觀美感素養較好；而就讀相關領域（自然生態、景觀建築及人文藝術）、曾從事景觀工作的專業者也明顯具有較佳的景觀美感素養。另外，最常接觸自然生態、景觀建築及人文藝術之民眾，且對其愈有興趣的民眾其景觀美感素養的表現也就愈佳。未來在景觀美感素養之養成與教育上本研究建議下列六個方向：(1).啟發體驗美感情感之感受、(2).提昇景觀良劣判斷之能力、(3).提供體會自然美感之機會、(4).培養相關領域知識之興趣、(5).深化相關領域知識之推廣，及(6).重視創意思考能力之教育。

In the past, studies of landscape evaluate were mainly to use attributes and elements of landscape to find out people's feeling rate after viewing the landscapes. But in the research of viewers' and professional landscape aesthetic are still rare. And the improving of landscape aesthetic, not only the professionals need to have good landscape aesthetic literacy, also the ordinary people's aesthetic literacy should be a key factor to improve the landscape aesthetic. Therefore, this study constructed the dimensions and factors of landscape aesthetic literacy with review of literature. Furthermore, we interviewed scholars and experts of landscape with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and obtained relative weight of indicators of landscape aesthetic literacy with Expert Choice 11 software in order to count people's score of literacy. The results show that mean of Taiwanese landscape aesthetic literacy is 3.36 and percentile score is 67.22. The results of analyses show that the respondents of 43-62 years old, personal monthly income of fifty thousands or more, currently living in the city, once lived in the rural area, studied in related field and landscape worker possess the more landscape aesthetic literacy. Moreover, the respondents that more frequently contact with the natural ecology, landscape architecture, art and humanities, and more interested with those show the more landscape aesthetic literacy. The results of the present study suggest six dimensions that are summarizing: (1). To inspire the experience of aesthetic feelings, (2). To enhance the judgment ability of landscape quality, (3). To provide the opportunities of appreciating the natural beauty, (4). To cultivate an interest in the knowledge of related field, (5). To deepen the promotion in knowledge of related fields, and (6). To emphasis the education of creative thinking.

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